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What if your entire life can be summed up by using four letters! What?
Some of you might think that it's going to be just another click bait content. Others might have a question of "Is that even possible? "
Well, the answer is yes. It is possible to sum up your entire life using four letters, but it's not as simple as it sounds. Scientists have coded the whole physical structure of human DNA by identifying their "nitrogen base."
There are four different nitrogen base that constitutes a human DNA. These are
(i) adenine (A)
(ii) cytosine (C)
(iii) guanine (G)
(iv) thymine (T)
Before we go any further let's just fast track on the nitty-gritty's related to the subject :
DNA is a genetic code that determines all the characteristics of a living thing, a gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA, and finally, genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes.
Huff that was fast!!
Now that we know what is what let's move on to the concept of genomics and how all these are related.
The bases of the DNA, pairs together to form a double helix structure. That is, the adenine base pairs with the thymine base and cytosine base pairs with guanine. These DNA strands hold information related to a particular organism.
There are individual sections in these long strands of DNA, which decides the characteristics traits of an organism. Such sections are called genes. These genes determine who you are, whether you are tall or short, have curly or straight hair, whether your body is susceptible to cancer or other ailments. A gene can either be inherited from the parent or can be distinct for the individual. According to the renowned Human Genome Project(HGP), it is estimated that there are around 20,000 to 25,000 genes in humans.
The field of genomics deals with all these entities of an organism. Genomics studies how the genes within the genome interact with each other and with the individual's environment, to better understand the working of life in its self.
What do these have to do with "Encrypted Codes Of Life" might be your next question!
By sequencing and analyzing an organism's genome, scientists are able to better understand how the organism functions. The screening of genome reveals which gene is responsible for what function and how that function is affected if something peril occurs to that gene. Such kind of knowledge about genes and genome will allow scientist to identify and cure a disease at a much faster rate or even before it occurs.
To substantiate the above statement, a recent project in the U.S. called the "Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology" has helped identify, 27 new genomic variants associated with conditions such as blood pressure, type-2 diabetes, cigarette use, and chronic kidney disease.
Identification of such genomic variants allows the treatment to be more focused by creating personalized medicine based on an individual's particular genetic quirks. Genomics also enables you to identify the risk level of an individual to a specific disease, allowing the individual to take preventive measures. Furthermore, it is believed that a more in-depth investigation of gene and genome can reveal the truth about the whole process of evolution.
Finally, to sum it up, the information about who you are and what you are have always resided in genes and genomes. It's now that we found genomics to decipher the code and thereby found answers to the undecided questions.
Global DNA Microarray Market Size
