List of Tables
Table 1. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Value by Type, (US$ Million) & (2024 VS 2031)
Table 2. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Value by Application, (US$ Million) & (2024 VS 2031)
Table 3. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Capacity (Tons) by Manufacturers in 2024
Table 4. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production by Manufacturers (2020-2025) & (Tons)
Table 5. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 6. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value by Manufacturers (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 7. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 8. Global Key Players of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets, Industry Ranking, 2023 VS 2024
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Production Value in Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets as of 2024)
Table 10. Global Market Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Average Price by Manufacturers (US$/kg) & (2020-2025)
Table 11. Global Key Manufacturers of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table 12. Global Key Manufacturers of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets, Product Offered and Application
Table 13. Global Key Manufacturers of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 14. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 15. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 16. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 17. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 18. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 19. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 20. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 21. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Comparison by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (Tons)
Table 22. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 23. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 24. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons) Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 25. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 26. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Average Price (US$/kg) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 27. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Average Price (US$/kg) by Region (2026-2031)
Table 28. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (Tons)
Table 29. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Region (2020-2025) & (Tons)
Table 30. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 31. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Forecasted Consumption by Region (2026-2031) & (Tons)
Table 32. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Forecasted Consumption Market Share by Region (2026-2031)
Table 33. North America Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (Tons)
Table 34. North America Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (Tons)
Table 35. North America Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (Tons)
Table 36. Europe Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (Tons)
Table 37. Europe Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (Tons)
Table 38. Europe Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (Tons)
Table 39. Asia Pacific Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (Tons)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Region (2020-2025) & (Tons)
Table 41. Asia Pacific Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Region (2026-2031) & (Tons)
Table 42. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (Tons)
Table 43. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (Tons)
Table 44. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (Tons)
Table 45. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 46. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 47. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 48. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 49. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 50. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 51. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 52. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 53. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Price (US$/kg) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 54. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Price (US$/kg) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 55. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 56. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 57. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 58. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 59. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 60. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 61. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 62. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 63. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Price (US$/kg) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 64. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Price (US$/kg) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 65. Daido Electronics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 66. Daido Electronics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 67. Daido Electronics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 68. Daido Electronics Main Business and Markets Served
Table 69. Daido Electronics Recent Developments/Updates
Table 70. Max Baermann Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 71. Max Baermann Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 72. Max Baermann Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 73. Max Baermann Main Business and Markets Served
Table 74. Max Baermann Recent Developments/Updates
Table 75. Mate Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 76. Mate Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 77. Mate Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 78. Mate Main Business and Markets Served
Table 79. Mate Recent Developments/Updates
Table 80. Tokyo Ferrite Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 81. Tokyo Ferrite Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 82. Tokyo Ferrite Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 83. Tokyo Ferrite Main Business and Markets Served
Table 84. Tokyo Ferrite Recent Developments/Updates
Table 85. Bomatec AG Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 86. Bomatec AG Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 87. Bomatec AG Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 88. Bomatec AG Main Business and Markets Served
Table 89. Bomatec AG Recent Developments/Updates
Table 90. IMA Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 91. IMA Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 92. IMA Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 93. IMA Main Business and Markets Served
Table 94. IMA Recent Developments/Updates
Table 95. Sura Magnets Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 96. Sura Magnets Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 97. Sura Magnets Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 98. Sura Magnets Main Business and Markets Served
Table 99. Sura Magnets Recent Developments/Updates
Table 100. MS-Schramberg Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 101. MS-Schramberg Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 102. MS-Schramberg Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 103. MS-Schramberg Main Business and Markets Served
Table 104. MS-Schramberg Recent Developments/Updates
Table 105. Evitron Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 106. Evitron Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 107. Evitron Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 108. Evitron Main Business and Markets Served
Table 109. Evitron Recent Developments/Updates
Table 110. Magnetfabrik Bonn Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 111. Magnetfabrik Bonn Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 112. Magnetfabrik Bonn Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 113. Magnetfabrik Bonn Main Business and Markets Served
Table 114. Magnetfabrik Bonn Recent Developments/Updates
Table 115. Kolektor Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 116. Kolektor Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 117. Kolektor Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 118. Kolektor Main Business and Markets Served
Table 119. Kolektor Recent Developments/Updates
Table 120. Arnold Magnetic Technologies Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 121. Arnold Magnetic Technologies Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 122. Arnold Magnetic Technologies Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 123. Arnold Magnetic Technologies Main Business and Markets Served
Table 124. Arnold Magnetic Technologies Recent Developments/Updates
Table 125. Hengdian Group DMEGC Magnetics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 126. Hengdian Group DMEGC Magnetics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 127. Hengdian Group DMEGC Magnetics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 128. Hengdian Group DMEGC Magnetics Main Business and Markets Served
Table 129. Hengdian Group DMEGC Magnetics Recent Developments/Updates
Table 130. JL Mag Rare-Earth Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 131. JL Mag Rare-Earth Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 132. JL Mag Rare-Earth Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 133. JL Mag Rare-Earth Main Business and Markets Served
Table 134. JL Mag Rare-Earth Recent Developments/Updates
Table 135. Beijing Zhong Ke San Huan Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 136. Beijing Zhong Ke San Huan Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 137. Beijing Zhong Ke San Huan Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 138. Beijing Zhong Ke San Huan Main Business and Markets Served
Table 139. Beijing Zhong Ke San Huan Recent Developments/Updates
Table 140. Ningbo Yunsheng Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 141. Ningbo Yunsheng Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 142. Ningbo Yunsheng Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 143. Ningbo Yunsheng Main Business and Markets Served
Table 144. Ningbo Yunsheng Recent Developments/Updates
Table 145. Galaxy Magnets Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 146. Galaxy Magnets Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 147. Galaxy Magnets Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 148. Galaxy Magnets Main Business and Markets Served
Table 149. Galaxy Magnets Recent Developments/Updates
Table 150. Advanced Technology & Materials Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 151. Advanced Technology & Materials Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 152. Advanced Technology & Materials Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 153. Advanced Technology & Materials Main Business and Markets Served
Table 154. Advanced Technology & Materials Recent Developments/Updates
Table 155. Hangzhou Kede Magnetic Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 156. Hangzhou Kede Magnetic Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 157. Hangzhou Kede Magnetic Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 158. Hangzhou Kede Magnetic Main Business and Markets Served
Table 159. Hangzhou Kede Magnetic Recent Developments/Updates
Table 160. Magsuper (Dongguan) Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 161. Magsuper (Dongguan) Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 162. Magsuper (Dongguan) Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 163. Magsuper (Dongguan) Main Business and Markets Served
Table 164. Magsuper (Dongguan) Recent Developments/Updates
Table 165. Pinghu Geor Chi Electronics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Company Information
Table 166. Pinghu Geor Chi Electronics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Specification and Application
Table 167. Pinghu Geor Chi Electronics Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/kg) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 168. Pinghu Geor Chi Electronics Main Business and Markets Served
Table 169. Pinghu Geor Chi Electronics Recent Developments/Updates
Table 170. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 171. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 172. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Distributors List
Table 173. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Customers List
Table 174. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Trends
Table 175. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Drivers
Table 176. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Challenges
Table 177. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Restraints
Table 178. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 179. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 180. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
Table 181. Authors List of This Report
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets
Figure 2. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Value by Type, (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 3. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Share by Type: 2024 VS 2031
Figure 4. Injection Molding Product Picture
Figure 5. Compression Molding Product Picture
Figure 6. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Value by Application, (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 7. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Share by Application: 2024 VS 2031
Figure 8. Home Appliances
Figure 9. Automotive
Figure 10. Medical Devices
Figure 11. 3C Products
Figure 12. Others
Figure 13. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million), 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 14. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 15. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Capacity (Tons) & (2020-2031)
Figure 16. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production (Tons) & (2020-2031)
Figure 17. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Average Price (US$/kg) & (2020-2031)
Figure 18. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Report Years Considered
Figure 19. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Share by Manufacturers in 2024
Figure 20. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Share by Manufacturers (2024)
Figure 21. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2020 VS 2024
Figure 22. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Revenue in 2024
Figure 23. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Figure 24. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 25. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Comparison by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (Tons)
Figure 26. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 27. North America Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 28. Europe Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 29. China Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 30. Japan Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 31. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (Tons)
Figure 32. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 33. North America Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 34. North America Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 35. U.S. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 36. Canada Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 37. Europe Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 38. Europe Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 39. Germany Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 40. France Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 41. U.K. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 42. Italy Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 43. Russia Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 44. Asia Pacific Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 45. Asia Pacific Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
Figure 46. China Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 47. Japan Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 48. South Korea Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 49. China Taiwan Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 50. Southeast Asia Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 51. India Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 52. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 53. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 54. Mexico Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 55. Brazil Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 56. Turkey Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 57. GCC Countries Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (Tons)
Figure 58. Global Production Market Share of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 59. Global Production Value Market Share of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 60. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Price (US$/kg) by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 61. Global Production Market Share of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 62. Global Production Value Market Share of Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 63. Global Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Price (US$/kg) by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 64. Plastic-bonded Permanent Magnets Value Chain
Figure 65. Channels of Distribution (Direct Vs Distribution)
Figure 66. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 67. Data Triangulation
