List of Tables
Table 1. Global Boat Shackles Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 2. Major Manufacturers of Stainless Steel
Table 3. Major Manufacturers of Plastic
Table 4. Major Manufacturers of Titanium
Table 5. Major Manufacturers of Others
Table 6. Global Boat Shackles Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 7. Global Boat Shackles Production by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 8. Global Boat Shackles Production by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 9. Global Boat Shackles Production by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 10. Global Boat Shackles Production Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 11. Global Boat Shackles Production Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 12. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 13. Global Boat Shackles Revenue by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 14. Global Boat Shackles Revenue by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 15. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 16. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 17. Global Boat Shackles Sales Grow Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 18. Global Boat Shackles Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 19. Global Boat Shackles Sales by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 20. Global Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 21. Global Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 22. Global Boat Shackles Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 23. Global Boat Shackles Sales Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 24. Global Boat Shackles Revenue by Manufacturers (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 26. Boat Shackles Price by Manufacturers 2019-2024 (USD/Unit)
Table 27. Global Key Players of Boat Shackles, Industry Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
Table 28. Global Boat Shackles Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 29. Global Boat Shackles by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Boat Shackles as of 2023)
Table 30. Global Key Manufacturers of Boat Shackles, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table 31. Global Key Manufacturers of Boat Shackles, Product Offered and Application
Table 32. Global Key Manufacturers of Boat Shackles, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 33. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 34. Global Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 35. Global Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 36. Global Boat Shackles Sales Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 37. Global Boat Shackles Sales Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 38. Global Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 39. Global Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 40. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 41. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 42. Boat Shackles Price by Type (2019-2024) & (USD/Unit)
Table 43. Global Boat Shackles Price Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (USD/Unit)
Table 44. Global Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 45. Global Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 46. Global Boat Shackles Sales Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 47. Global Boat Shackles Sales Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 48. Global Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 49. Global Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 50. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 51. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 52. Boat Shackles Price by Application (2019-2024) & (USD/Unit)
Table 53. Global Boat Shackles Price Forecast by Application (2025-2030) & (USD/Unit)
Table 54. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 55. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 56. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 57. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 58. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 59. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 60. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 61. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 62. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 63. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 64. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 65. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 66. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 67. Europe Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 68. Europe Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 69. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 70. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 71. Europe Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 72. Europe Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 73. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 74. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 75. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 76. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 77. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 78. Europe Boat Shackles Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 79. Europe Boat Shackles Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 80. China Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 81. China Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 82. China Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 83. China Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 84. China Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 85. China Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 86. China Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 87. China Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 88. Asia Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 89. Asia Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 90. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 91. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 92. Asia Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 93. Asia Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 94. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 95. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 96. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 97. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 98. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 99. Asia Boat Shackles Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 100. Asia Boat Shackles Sales by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 101. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 102. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 103. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 104. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 105. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 106. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 107. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 108. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 109. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 110. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 111. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 112. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 113. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 114. LangmanRopes Company Information
Table 115. LangmanRopes Description and Major Businesses
Table 116. LangmanRopes Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 117. LangmanRopes Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 118. LangmanRopes Recent Development
Table 119. Marinetech Edelstahlhandel Company Information
Table 120. Marinetech Edelstahlhandel Description and Major Businesses
Table 121. Marinetech Edelstahlhandel Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 122. Marinetech Edelstahlhandel Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 123. Marinetech Edelstahlhandel Recent Development
Table 124. Schaefer Company Information
Table 125. Schaefer Description and Major Businesses
Table 126. Schaefer Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 127. Schaefer Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 128. Schaefer Recent Development
Table 129. Wichard Company Information
Table 130. Wichard Description and Major Businesses
Table 131. Wichard Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 132. Wichard Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 133. Wichard Recent Development
Table 134. UBI MAIOR ITALIA Company Information
Table 135. UBI MAIOR ITALIA Description and Major Businesses
Table 136. UBI MAIOR ITALIA Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 137. UBI MAIOR ITALIA Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 138. UBI MAIOR ITALIA Recent Development
Table 139. Sea Sure Company Information
Table 140. Sea Sure Description and Major Businesses
Table 141. Sea Sure Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 142. Sea Sure Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 143. Sea Sure Recent Development
Table 144. GN Rope Fittings Company Information
Table 145. GN Rope Fittings Description and Major Businesses
Table 146. GN Rope Fittings Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 147. GN Rope Fittings Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 148. GN Rope Fittings Recent Development
Table 149. Griffin-Woodhouse Company Information
Table 150. Griffin-Woodhouse Description and Major Businesses
Table 151. Griffin-Woodhouse Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 152. Griffin-Woodhouse Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 153. Griffin-Woodhouse Recent Development
Table 154. Qingdao K-Wing Industry Company Information
Table 155. Qingdao K-Wing Industry Description and Major Businesses
Table 156. Qingdao K-Wing Industry Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 157. Qingdao K-Wing Industry Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 158. Qingdao K-Wing Industry Recent Development
Table 159. Seldén Mast Company Information
Table 160. Seldén Mast Description and Major Businesses
Table 161. Seldén Mast Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 162. Seldén Mast Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 163. Seldén Mast Recent Development
Table 164. Nautos Company Information
Table 165. Nautos Description and Major Businesses
Table 166. Nautos Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 167. Nautos Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 168. Nautos Recent Development
Table 169. Petersen Stainless Company Information
Table 170. Petersen Stainless Description and Major Businesses
Table 171. Petersen Stainless Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 172. Petersen Stainless Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 173. Petersen Stainless Recent Development
Table 174. Tylaska Company Information
Table 175. Tylaska Description and Major Businesses
Table 176. Tylaska Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 177. Tylaska Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 178. Tylaska Recent Development
Table 179. Holt Company Information
Table 180. Holt Description and Major Businesses
Table 181. Holt Boat Shackles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 182. Holt Boat Shackles Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 183. Holt Recent Development
Table 184. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 185. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 186. Boat Shackles Distributors List
Table 187. Boat Shackles Customers List
Table 188. Boat Shackles Market Trends
Table 189. Boat Shackles Market Drivers
Table 190. Boat Shackles Market Challenges
Table 191. Boat Shackles Market Restraints
Table 192. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 193. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 194. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Boat Shackles Product Picture
Figure 2. Global Boat Shackles Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Boat Shackles Market Share by Type in 2023 & 2030
Figure 4. Stainless Steel Product Picture
Figure 5. Plastic Product Picture
Figure 6. Titanium Product Picture
Figure 7. Others Product Picture
Figure 8. Global Boat Shackles Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 9. Global Boat Shackles Market Share by Application in 2023 & 2030
Figure 10. Sailboats
Figure 11. Yachts
Figure 12. Windsurf
Figure 13. Others
Figure 14. Boat Shackles Report Years Considered
Figure 15. Global Boat Shackles Capacity, Production and Utilization (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 16. Global Boat Shackles Production Market Share by Region in Percentage: 2023 Versus 2030
Figure 17. Global Boat Shackles Production Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 18. Boat Shackles Production Growth Rate in North America (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 19. Boat Shackles Production Growth Rate in Europe (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 20. Boat Shackles Production Growth Rate in China (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 21. Boat Shackles Production Growth Rate in Japan (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 22. Global Boat Shackles Revenue, (US$ Million), 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Figure 23. Global Boat Shackles Revenue 2019-2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 24. Global Boat Shackles Revenue (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 25. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Region in Percentage: 2023 Versus 2030
Figure 26. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 27. Global Boat Shackles Sales 2019-2030 ((K Units)
Figure 28. Global Boat Shackles Sales (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Figure 29. Global Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 30. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 31. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 32. Europe Boat Shackles Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 33. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 34. China Boat Shackles Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 35. China Boat Shackles Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Asia (excluding China) Boat Shackles Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 37. Asia (excluding China) Boat Shackles Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 39. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 40. The Boat Shackles Market Share of Top 10 and Top 5 Largest Manufacturers Around the World in 2023
Figure 41. The Top 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers of Boat Shackles in the World: Market Share by Boat Shackles Revenue in 2023
Figure 42. Global Boat Shackles Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2019 VS 2023
Figure 43. Global Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 44. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 45. Global Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 46. Global Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 47. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 48. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 49. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 50. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 51. US & Canada Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 52. US & Canada Boat Shackles Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 53. U.S. Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 54. Canada Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 55. Europe Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 56. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 57. Europe Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 58. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 59. Europe Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 60. Europe Boat Shackles Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 61. Germany Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 62. France Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 63. U.K. Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 64. Italy Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 65. Russia Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 66. China Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 67. China Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 68. China Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 69. China Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 70. Asia Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 71. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 72. Asia Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 73. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 74. Asia Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 75. Asia Boat Shackles Sales Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 76. Japan Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 77. South Korea Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 78. China Taiwan Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 79. Southeast Asia Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 80. India Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 81. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 82. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 83. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 84. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 85. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 86. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Boat Shackles Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 87. Brazil Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 88. Mexico Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 89. Turkey Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 90. Israel Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 91. GCC Countries Boat Shackles Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 92. Boat Shackles Value Chain
Figure 93. Boat Shackles Production Process
Figure 94. Channels of Distribution
Figure 95. Distributors Profiles
Figure 96. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 97. Data Triangulation
Figure 98. Key Executives Interviewed