List of Tables
Table 1. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Market Value by Type, (US$ Million) & (2024 VS 2031)
Table 2. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Market Value by Application, (US$ Million) & (2024 VS 2031)
Table 3. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Capacity (K Units) by Manufacturers in 2024
Table 4. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production by Manufacturers (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 5. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 6. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value by Manufacturers (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 7. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 8. Global Key Players of Smart ADAS Sensors, Industry Ranking, 2023 VS 2024
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Production Value in Smart ADAS Sensors as of 2024)
Table 10. Global Market Smart ADAS Sensors Average Price by Manufacturers (US$/Unit) & (2020-2025)
Table 11. Global Key Manufacturers of Smart ADAS Sensors, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table 12. Global Key Manufacturers of Smart ADAS Sensors, Product Offered and Application
Table 13. Global Key Manufacturers of Smart ADAS Sensors, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 14. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 15. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 16. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 17. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 18. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 19. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 20. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 21. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Comparison by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 22. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 23. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 24. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units) Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 25. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 26. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Market Average Price (US$/Unit) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 27. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Market Average Price (US$/Unit) by Region (2026-2031)
Table 28. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 29. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Region (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 30. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 31. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Forecasted Consumption by Region (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 32. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Forecasted Consumption Market Share by Region (2026-2031)
Table 33. North America Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 34. North America Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 35. North America Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 36. Europe Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 37. Europe Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 38. Europe Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 39. Asia Pacific Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Region (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 41. Asia Pacific Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Region (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 42. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 43. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 44. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 45. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 46. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 47. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 48. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 49. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 50. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 51. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 52. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 53. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 54. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 55. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 56. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 57. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 58. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 59. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 60. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 61. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 62. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 63. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 64. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 65. Continental Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 66. Continental Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 67. Continental Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 68. Continental Main Business and Markets Served
Table 69. Continental Recent Developments/Updates
Table 70. Bosch Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 71. Bosch Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 72. Bosch Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 73. Bosch Main Business and Markets Served
Table 74. Bosch Recent Developments/Updates
Table 75. Denso Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 76. Denso Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 77. Denso Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 78. Denso Corporation Main Business and Markets Served
Table 79. Denso Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
Table 80. Delphi Technologies Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 81. Delphi Technologies Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 82. Delphi Technologies Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 83. Delphi Technologies Main Business and Markets Served
Table 84. Delphi Technologies Recent Developments/Updates
Table 85. Hella Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 86. Hella Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 87. Hella Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 88. Hella Main Business and Markets Served
Table 89. Hella Recent Developments/Updates
Table 90. TE Connectivity Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 91. TE Connectivity Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 92. TE Connectivity Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 93. TE Connectivity Main Business and Markets Served
Table 94. TE Connectivity Recent Developments/Updates
Table 95. CTS Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 96. CTS Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 97. CTS Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 98. CTS Corporation Main Business and Markets Served
Table 99. CTS Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
Table 100. NXP Semiconductors Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 101. NXP Semiconductors Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 102. NXP Semiconductors Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 103. NXP Semiconductors Main Business and Markets Served
Table 104. NXP Semiconductors Recent Developments/Updates
Table 105. Microchip Technology Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 106. Microchip Technology Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 107. Microchip Technology Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 108. Microchip Technology Main Business and Markets Served
Table 109. Microchip Technology Recent Developments/Updates
Table 110. Infineon Technologies Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 111. Infineon Technologies Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 112. Infineon Technologies Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 113. Infineon Technologies Main Business and Markets Served
Table 114. Infineon Technologies Recent Developments/Updates
Table 115. Panasonic Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 116. Panasonic Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 117. Panasonic Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 118. Panasonic Main Business and Markets Served
Table 119. Panasonic Recent Developments/Updates
Table 120. ZF Friedrichshafen Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 121. ZF Friedrichshafen Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 122. ZF Friedrichshafen Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 123. ZF Friedrichshafen Main Business and Markets Served
Table 124. ZF Friedrichshafen Recent Developments/Updates
Table 125. TDK Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 126. TDK Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 127. TDK Corporation Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 128. TDK Corporation Main Business and Markets Served
Table 129. TDK Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
Table 130. Sensata Technologies Holding Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 131. Sensata Technologies Holding Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 132. Sensata Technologies Holding Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 133. Sensata Technologies Holding Main Business and Markets Served
Table 134. Sensata Technologies Holding Recent Developments/Updates
Table 135. Allegro MicroSystems Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 136. Allegro MicroSystems Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 137. Allegro MicroSystems Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 138. Allegro MicroSystems Main Business and Markets Served
Table 139. Allegro MicroSystems Recent Developments/Updates
Table 140. Analog Devices Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 141. Analog Devices Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 142. Analog Devices Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 143. Analog Devices Main Business and Markets Served
Table 144. Analog Devices Recent Developments/Updates
Table 145. Elmos Semiconductor Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 146. Elmos Semiconductor Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 147. Elmos Semiconductor Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 148. Elmos Semiconductor Main Business and Markets Served
Table 149. Elmos Semiconductor Recent Developments/Updates
Table 150. Valeo Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 151. Valeo Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 152. Valeo Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 153. Valeo Main Business and Markets Served
Table 154. Valeo Recent Developments/Updates
Table 155. Autoliv Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 156. Autoliv Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 157. Autoliv Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 158. Autoliv Main Business and Markets Served
Table 159. Autoliv Recent Developments/Updates
Table 160. ST Microelectronics Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 161. ST Microelectronics Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 162. ST Microelectronics Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 163. ST Microelectronics Main Business and Markets Served
Table 164. ST Microelectronics Recent Developments/Updates
Table 165. Hitachi Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 166. Hitachi Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 167. Hitachi Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 168. Hitachi Main Business and Markets Served
Table 169. Hitachi Recent Developments/Updates
Table 170. SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 171. SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 172. SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 173. SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC Main Business and Markets Served
Table 174. SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC Recent Developments/Updates
Table 175. Siemens Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 176. Siemens Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 177. Siemens Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 178. Siemens Main Business and Markets Served
Table 179. Siemens Recent Developments/Updates
Table 180. Sony Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 181. Sony Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 182. Sony Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 183. Sony Main Business and Markets Served
Table 184. Sony Recent Developments/Updates
Table 185. Texas Instruments Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 186. Texas Instruments Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 187. Texas Instruments Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 188. Texas Instruments Main Business and Markets Served
Table 189. Texas Instruments Recent Developments/Updates
Table 190. ON Semiconductor Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 191. ON Semiconductor Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 192. ON Semiconductor Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 193. ON Semiconductor Main Business and Markets Served
Table 194. ON Semiconductor Recent Developments/Updates
Table 195. Veoneer Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 196. Veoneer Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 197. Veoneer Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 198. Veoneer Main Business and Markets Served
Table 199. Veoneer Recent Developments/Updates
Table 200. Aptiv Smart ADAS Sensors Company Information
Table 201. Aptiv Smart ADAS Sensors Specification and Application
Table 202. Aptiv Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 203. Aptiv Main Business and Markets Served
Table 204. Aptiv Recent Developments/Updates
Table 205. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 206. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 207. Smart ADAS Sensors Distributors List
Table 208. Smart ADAS Sensors Customers List
Table 209. Smart ADAS Sensors Market Trends
Table 210. Smart ADAS Sensors Market Drivers
Table 211. Smart ADAS Sensors Market Challenges
Table 212. Smart ADAS Sensors Market Restraints
Table 213. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 214. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 215. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
Table 216. Authors List of This Report
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Smart ADAS Sensors
Figure 2. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Market Value by Type, (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 3. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Market Share by Type: 2024 VS 2031
Figure 4. Blind Spot Detection Product Picture
Figure 5. Night Vision Sensors Product Picture
Figure 6. Light Sensors Product Picture
Figure 7. Parking Sensors Product Picture
Figure 8. Others Product Picture
Figure 9. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Market Value by Application, (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 10. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Market Share by Application: 2024 VS 2031
Figure 11. Private Vehicles
Figure 12. Commercial Vehicles
Figure 13. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million), 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 14. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 15. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Capacity (K Units) & (2020-2031)
Figure 16. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production (K Units) & (2020-2031)
Figure 17. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Average Price (US$/Unit) & (2020-2031)
Figure 18. Smart ADAS Sensors Report Years Considered
Figure 19. Smart ADAS Sensors Production Share by Manufacturers in 2024
Figure 20. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Share by Manufacturers (2024)
Figure 21. Smart ADAS Sensors Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2020 VS 2024
Figure 22. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Smart ADAS Sensors Revenue in 2024
Figure 23. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Figure 24. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 25. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Comparison by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Figure 26. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Production Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 27. North America Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 28. Europe Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 29. China Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 30. Japan Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 31. South Korea Smart ADAS Sensors Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 32. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Figure 33. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 34. North America Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 35. North America Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 36. U.S. Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 37. Canada Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 38. Europe Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 39. Europe Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 40. Germany Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 41. France Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 42. U.K. Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 43. Italy Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 44. Netherlands Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 45. Asia Pacific Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 46. Asia Pacific Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
Figure 47. China Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 48. Japan Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 49. South Korea Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 50. China Taiwan Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 51. Southeast Asia Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 52. India Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 53. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 54. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 55. Mexico Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 56. Brazil Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 57. Israel Smart ADAS Sensors Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 58. Global Production Market Share of Smart ADAS Sensors by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 59. Global Production Value Market Share of Smart ADAS Sensors by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 60. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 61. Global Production Market Share of Smart ADAS Sensors by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 62. Global Production Value Market Share of Smart ADAS Sensors by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 63. Global Smart ADAS Sensors Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 64. Smart ADAS Sensors Value Chain
Figure 65. Channels of Distribution (Direct Vs Distribution)
Figure 66. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 67. Data Triangulation