List of Tables
Table 1. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Value Comparison by Type (2024 VS 2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 2. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Value by Material, (US$ Million) & (2024 VS 2031)
Table 3. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Value by Shape, (US$ Million) & (2024 VS 2031)
Table 4. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Value by Application (2024 VS 2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 5. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Competitive Situation by Manufacturers in 2024
Table 6. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units) of Key Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 7. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 8. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 9. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 10. Global Market Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Average Price (US$/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 11. Global Key Players of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch, Industry Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
Table 12. Global Key Manufacturers of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch, Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
Table 13. Global Key Manufacturers of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch, Product Type & Application
Table 14. Global Key Manufacturers of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 15. Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 16. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch as of 2024)
Table 17. Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 18. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Table 19. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Region (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 20. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 21. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Region (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 22. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Region (2026-2031)
Table 23. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Region (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 24. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 25. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Region (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 26. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Region (2026-2031)
Table 27. North America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 28. North America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 29. North America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 30. North America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 31. North America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 32. Europe Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 33. Europe Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 34. Europe Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 35. Europe Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 36. Europe Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Asia Pacific Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 38. Asia Pacific Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Region (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 39. Asia Pacific Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Region (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Region (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 41. Asia Pacific Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Region (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 42. Latin America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 43. Latin America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 44. Latin America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 45. Latin America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 46. Latin America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 47. Middle East and Africa Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 48. Middle East and Africa Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 49. Middle East and Africa Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 50. Middle East and Africa Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 51. Middle East and Africa Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 52. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 53. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 54. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 55. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 56. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 57. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 58. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 59. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 60. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 61. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 62. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 63. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 64. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 65. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 66. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue (US$ Million) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 67. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue (US$ Million) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 68. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 69. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 70. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 71. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 72. Abbot Laboratories Company Information
Table 73. Abbot Laboratories Description and Business Overview
Table 74. Abbot Laboratories Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 75. Abbot Laboratories Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 76. Abbot Laboratories Recent Developments/Updates
Table 77. Dexcom Inc Company Information
Table 78. Dexcom Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 79. Dexcom Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 80. Dexcom Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 81. Dexcom Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 82. Nutromics Pty.Ltd Company Information
Table 83. Nutromics Pty.Ltd Description and Business Overview
Table 84. Nutromics Pty.Ltd Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 85. Nutromics Pty.Ltd Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 86. Nutromics Pty.Ltd Recent Developments/Updates
Table 87. Ascensia Diabetese Care Holdings AG Company Information
Table 88. Ascensia Diabetese Care Holdings AG Description and Business Overview
Table 89. Ascensia Diabetese Care Holdings AG Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 90. Ascensia Diabetese Care Holdings AG Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 91. Ascensia Diabetese Care Holdings AG Recent Developments/Updates
Table 92. LifeScan IP Holdings LLC Company Information
Table 93. LifeScan IP Holdings LLC Description and Business Overview
Table 94. LifeScan IP Holdings LLC Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 95. LifeScan IP Holdings LLC Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 96. LifeScan IP Holdings LLC Recent Developments/Updates
Table 97. Profusa Inc Company Information
Table 98. Profusa Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 99. Profusa Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 100. Profusa Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 101. Profusa Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 102. Biolinq Inc Company Information
Table 103. Biolinq Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 104. Biolinq Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 105. Biolinq Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 106. Biolinq Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 107. Texas Instruments Inc Company Information
Table 108. Texas Instruments Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 109. Texas Instruments Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 110. Texas Instruments Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 111. Texas Instruments Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 112. Roche Diabetese Care Inc Company Information
Table 113. Roche Diabetese Care Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 114. Roche Diabetese Care Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 115. Roche Diabetese Care Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 116. Roche Diabetese Care Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 117. Afon Technology Ltd Company Information
Table 118. Afon Technology Ltd Description and Business Overview
Table 119. Afon Technology Ltd Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 120. Afon Technology Ltd Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 121. Afon Technology Ltd Recent Developments/Updates
Table 122. iSense Inc Company Information
Table 123. iSense Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 124. iSense Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 125. iSense Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 126. iSense Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 127. DiaMonTech AG Company Information
Table 128. DiaMonTech AG Description and Business Overview
Table 129. DiaMonTech AG Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 130. DiaMonTech AG Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 131. DiaMonTech AG Recent Developments/Updates
Table 132. Medtrum Technologies Inc Company Information
Table 133. Medtrum Technologies Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 134. Medtrum Technologies Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 135. Medtrum Technologies Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 136. Medtrum Technologies Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 137. PercuSense Inc Company Information
Table 138. PercuSense Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 139. PercuSense Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 140. PercuSense Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 141. PercuSense Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 142. Gentag Inc Company Information
Table 143. Gentag Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 144. Gentag Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 145. Gentag Inc Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 146. Gentag Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 147. Nemaura Company Information
Table 148. Nemaura Description and Business Overview
Table 149. Nemaura Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 150. Nemaura Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 151. Nemaura Recent Developments/Updates
Table 152. SibioSensor Company Information
Table 153. SibioSensor Description and Business Overview
Table 154. SibioSensor Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 155. SibioSensor Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 156. SibioSensor Recent Developments/Updates
Table 157. Valencell Company Information
Table 158. Valencell Description and Business Overview
Table 159. Valencell Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 160. Valencell Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 161. Valencell Recent Developments/Updates
Table 162. Huzhou Meiqi Medical Instruments Co., Ltd. Company Information
Table 163. Huzhou Meiqi Medical Instruments Co., Ltd. Description and Business Overview
Table 164. Huzhou Meiqi Medical Instruments Co., Ltd. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 165. Huzhou Meiqi Medical Instruments Co., Ltd. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 166. Huzhou Meiqi Medical Instruments Co., Ltd. Recent Developments/Updates
Table 167. San Meditech Company Information
Table 168. San Meditech Description and Business Overview
Table 169. San Meditech Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 170. San Meditech Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Product
Table 171. San Meditech Recent Developments/Updates
Table 172. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 173. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 174. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Distributors List
Table 175. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Customers List
Table 176. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Trends
Table 177. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Drivers
Table 178. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Challenges
Table 179. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Restraints
Table 180. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 181. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 182. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
Table 183. Authors List of This Report
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch
Figure 2. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Value Comparison by Type (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Share by Type: 2024 & 2031
Figure 4. Glucose Monitoring Patch Product Picture
Figure 5. Lactate Monitoring Patch Product Picture
Figure 6. Ketone Monitoring Patch Product Picture
Figure 7. Multi Metabolite Monitoring Patch Product Picture
Figure 8. Others Product Picture
Figure 9. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Value by Material, (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 10. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Share by Material: 2024 VS 2031
Figure 11. Microbeedle ISF Patches Product Picture
Figure 12. Sweat Based Noninvasive Patches Product Picture
Figure 13. Optical Patches Product Picture
Figure 14. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Value by Shape, (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 15. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Share by Shape: 2024 VS 2031
Figure 16. Disc Patch Product Picture
Figure 17. Strip Patch Product Picture
Figure 18. Array Patch Product Picture
Figure 19. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Value by Application (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 20. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Share by Application: 2024 & 2031
Figure 21. Hospital and Clinics
Figure 22. Home Care Settings
Figure 23. Sport and Fitness Center
Figure 24. Research Industries
Figure 25. Others
Figure 26. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue, (US$ Million), 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 27. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Size (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 28. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 29. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Average Price (US$/Unit) & (2020-2031)
Figure 30. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Report Years Considered
Figure 31. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2024
Figure 32. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2024
Figure 33. Global 5 and 10 Largest Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Players: Market Share by Revenue in Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch in 2024
Figure 34. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2020 VS 2024
Figure 35. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 36. North America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 37. North America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 38. United States Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 39. Canada Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Europe Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 41. Europe Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 42. Germany Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 43. France Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 44. U.K. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 45. Italy Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 46. Russia Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 47. Asia Pacific Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
Figure 48. Asia Pacific Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
Figure 49. China Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 50. Japan Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 51. South Korea Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 52. India Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 53. Australia Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 54. China Taiwan Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 55. Southeast Asia Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 56. Latin America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 57. Latin America Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 58. Mexico Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 59. Brazil Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 60. Argentina Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 61. Colombia Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 62. Middle East and Africa Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Sales Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 63. Middle East and Africa Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 64. Turkey Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 65. Saudi Arabia Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 66. UAE Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 67. Global Sales Market Share of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 68. Global Revenue Market Share of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 69. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 70. Global Sales Market Share of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 71. Global Revenue Market Share of Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 72. Global Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 73. Continuous Metabolite Monitor Patch Value Chain
Figure 74. Channels of Distribution (Direct Vs Distribution)
Figure 75. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 76. Data Triangulation
Figure 77. Key Executives Interviewed
