List of Tables
Table 1. Global Microscopy Accessory Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Table 2. Major Manufacturers of Bulb
Table 3. Major Manufacturers of Cleaning Kit
Table 4. Major Manufacturers of Eyepiece
Table 5. Major Manufacturers of Lens Oil
Table 6. Global Microscopy Accessory Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Table 7. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Table 8. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Region (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 9. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Region (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 10. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
Table 11. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Region (2024-2029)
Table 12. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Grow Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Table 13. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales by Region (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 14. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales by Region (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 15. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
Table 16. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Region (2024-2029)
Table 17. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales by Manufacturers (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 18. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
Table 19. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Manufacturers (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 20. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
Table 21. Global Key Players of Microscopy Accessory, Industry Ranking, 2021 VS 2022 VS 2023
Table 22. Microscopy Accessory Price by Manufacturers 2018-2023 (US$/Unit)
Table 23. Global Microscopy Accessory Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 24. Global Microscopy Accessory by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Microscopy Accessory as of 2022)
Table 25. Global Key Manufacturers of Microscopy Accessory, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table 26. Global Key Manufacturers of Microscopy Accessory, Product Offered and Application
Table 27. Global Key Manufacturers of Microscopy Accessory, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 28. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 29. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 30. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 31. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Type (2018-2023)
Table 32. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Type (2024-2029)
Table 33. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 34. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 35. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Type (2018-2023)
Table 36. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Type (2024-2029)
Table 37. Microscopy Accessory Price by Type (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 38. Global Microscopy Accessory Price Forecast by Type (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Table 39. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 40. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 41. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Application (2018-2023)
Table 42. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Application (2024-2029)
Table 43. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 44. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 45. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Application (2018-2023)
Table 46. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Application (2024-2029)
Table 47. Microscopy Accessory Price by Application (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 48. Global Microscopy Accessory Price Forecast by Application (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Table 49. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 50. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 51. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 52. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 53. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 54. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 55. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 56. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 57. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Table 58. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 59. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Country (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 60. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 61. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 62. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 63. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 64. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 65. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 66. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 67. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 68. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 69. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 70. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Table 71. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 72. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Country (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 73. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 74. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 75. China Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 76. China Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 77. China Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 78. China Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 79. China Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 80. China Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 81. China Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 82. China Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 83. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 84. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 85. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 86. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 87. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 88. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 89. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 90. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 91. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Table 92. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Region (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 93. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Region (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 94. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales by Region (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 95. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales by Region (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 96. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 97. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 98. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 99. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Type (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 100. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 101. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 102. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 103. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Application (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 104. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Table 105. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 106. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue by Country (2024-2029) & (US$ Million)
Table 107. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 108. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 109. Carl Zeiss Company Information
Table 110. Carl Zeiss Description and Major Businesses
Table 111. Carl Zeiss Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 112. Carl Zeiss Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 113. Carl Zeiss Recent Developments
Table 114. Danaher Corporation Company Information
Table 115. Danaher Corporation Description and Major Businesses
Table 116. Danaher Corporation Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 117. Danaher Corporation Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 118. Danaher Corporation Recent Developments
Table 119. Nikon Company Information
Table 120. Nikon Description and Major Businesses
Table 121. Nikon Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 122. Nikon Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 123. Nikon Recent Developments
Table 124. Bruker Corporation Company Information
Table 125. Bruker Corporation Description and Major Businesses
Table 126. Bruker Corporation Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 127. Bruker Corporation Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 128. Bruker Corporation Recent Developments
Table 129. Olympus Company Information
Table 130. Olympus Description and Major Businesses
Table 131. Olympus Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 132. Olympus Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 133. Olympus Recent Developments
Table 134. Oxford Instruments Company Information
Table 135. Oxford Instruments Description and Major Businesses
Table 136. Oxford Instruments Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 137. Oxford Instruments Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 138. Oxford Instruments Recent Developments
Table 139. JEOL Company Information
Table 140. JEOL Description and Major Businesses
Table 141. JEOL Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 142. JEOL Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 143. JEOL Recent Developments
Table 144. Hitachi High-Technologies Company Information
Table 145. Hitachi High-Technologies Description and Major Businesses
Table 146. Hitachi High-Technologies Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 147. Hitachi High-Technologies Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 148. Hitachi High-Technologies Recent Developments
Table 149. Ningbo Yong Xin Optics Co.,Ltd Company Information
Table 150. Ningbo Yong Xin Optics Co.,Ltd Description and Major Businesses
Table 151. Ningbo Yong Xin Optics Co.,Ltd Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 152. Ningbo Yong Xin Optics Co.,Ltd Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 153. Ningbo Yong Xin Optics Co.,Ltd Recent Developments
Table 154. Sunny Optical Technology (Group) Company Limited Company Information
Table 155. Sunny Optical Technology (Group) Company Limited Description and Major Businesses
Table 156. Sunny Optical Technology (Group) Company Limited Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 157. Sunny Optical Technology (Group) Company Limited Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 158. Sunny Optical Technology (Group) Company Limited Recent Developments
Table 159. Phenix Optical Company Limited Company Information
Table 160. Phenix Optical Company Limited Description and Major Businesses
Table 161. Phenix Optical Company Limited Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 162. Phenix Optical Company Limited Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 163. Phenix Optical Company Limited Recent Developments
Table 164. Suzhou Sumai Medical Technology Co., Ltd Company Information
Table 165. Suzhou Sumai Medical Technology Co., Ltd Description and Major Businesses
Table 166. Suzhou Sumai Medical Technology Co., Ltd Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 167. Suzhou Sumai Medical Technology Co., Ltd Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 168. Suzhou Sumai Medical Technology Co., Ltd Recent Developments
Table 169. Shenzhen Optical Valley Optical Instrument Co., Ltd Company Information
Table 170. Shenzhen Optical Valley Optical Instrument Co., Ltd Description and Major Businesses
Table 171. Shenzhen Optical Valley Optical Instrument Co., Ltd Microscopy Accessory Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 172. Shenzhen Optical Valley Optical Instrument Co., Ltd Microscopy Accessory Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 173. Shenzhen Optical Valley Optical Instrument Co., Ltd Recent Developments
Table 174. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 175. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 176. Microscopy Accessory Distributors List
Table 177. Microscopy Accessory Customers List
Table 178. Microscopy Accessory Market Trends
Table 179. Microscopy Accessory Market Drivers
Table 180. Microscopy Accessory Market Challenges
Table 181. Microscopy Accessory Market Restraints
Table 182. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 183. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 184. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Microscopy Accessory Product Picture
Figure 2. Global Microscopy Accessory Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Microscopy Accessory Market Share by Type in 2022 & 2029
Figure 4. Bulb Product Picture
Figure 5. Cleaning Kit Product Picture
Figure 6. Eyepiece Product Picture
Figure 7. Lens Oil Product Picture
Figure 8. Global Microscopy Accessory Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 9. Global Microscopy Accessory Market Share by Application in 2022 & 2029
Figure 10. Biomedicine
Figure 11. Healthcare
Figure 12. Microscopy Accessory Report Years Considered
Figure 13. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue, (US$ Million), 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
Figure 14. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue 2018-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 15. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Region in Percentage: 2022 Versus 2029
Figure 16. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 17. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales 2018-2029 ((K Units)
Figure 18. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 19. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales YoY (2018-2029) & (K Units)
Figure 20. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue YoY (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 21. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales YoY (2018-2029) & (K Units)
Figure 22. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue YoY (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 23. China Microscopy Accessory Sales YoY (2018-2029) & (K Units)
Figure 24. China Microscopy Accessory Revenue YoY (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 25. Asia (excluding China) Microscopy Accessory Sales YoY (2018-2029) & (K Units)
Figure 26. Asia (excluding China) Microscopy Accessory Revenue YoY (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales YoY (2018-2029) & (K Units)
Figure 28. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue YoY (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 29. The Microscopy Accessory Market Share of Top 10 and Top 5 Largest Manufacturers Around the World in 2022
Figure 30. The Top 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers of Microscopy Accessory in the World: Market Share by Microscopy Accessory Revenue in 2022
Figure 31. Global Microscopy Accessory Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2018 VS 2022
Figure 32. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 33. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 34. Global Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 35. Global Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 36. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 37. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 38. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 39. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 40. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 41. US & Canada Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 42. U.S. Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Canada Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 44. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 45. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 46. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 47. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 48. Europe Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 49. Europe Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 50. Germany Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 51. France Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 52. U.K. Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 53. Italy Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 54. Russia Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 55. China Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 56. China Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 57. China Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 58. China Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 59. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 60. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 61. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 62. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 63. Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 64. Asia Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 65. Japan Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 66. South Korea Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 67. China Taiwan Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 68. Southeast Asia Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 69. India Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 70. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 71. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 72. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 73. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 74. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Revenue Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 75. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Microscopy Accessory Sales Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 76. Brazil Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 77. Mexico Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 78. Turkey Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 79. Israel Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 80. GCC Countries Microscopy Accessory Revenue (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
Figure 81. Microscopy Accessory Value Chain
Figure 82. Microscopy Accessory Production Process
Figure 83. Channels of Distribution
Figure 84. Distributors Profiles
Figure 85. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 86. Data Triangulation
Figure 87. Key Executives Interviewed