List of Tables
Table 1. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Value Comparison by Type (2024 VS 2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 2. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Value by Application (2024 VS 2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 3. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Competitive Situation by Manufacturers in 2024
Table 4. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units) of Key Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 5. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 6. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 7. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 8. Global Market Hair Loss Treatment for Man Average Price (US$/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 9. Global Key Players of Hair Loss Treatment for Man, Industry Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
Table 10. Global Key Manufacturers of Hair Loss Treatment for Man, Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
Table 11. Global Key Manufacturers of Hair Loss Treatment for Man, Product Type & Application
Table 12. Global Key Manufacturers of Hair Loss Treatment for Man, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 13. Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Hair Loss Treatment for Man as of 2024)
Table 15. Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 16. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Table 17. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Region (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 18. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 19. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Region (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 20. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Region (2026-2031)
Table 21. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Region (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 22. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 23. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Region (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 24. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Region (2026-2031)
Table 25. North America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 26. North America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 27. North America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 28. North America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. North America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 30. Europe Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 31. Europe Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 32. Europe Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 33. Europe Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 34. Europe Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 35. Asia Pacific Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 36. Asia Pacific Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Region (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 37. Asia Pacific Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Region (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 38. Asia Pacific Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Region (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 39. Asia Pacific Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Region (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 40. Latin America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 41. Latin America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 42. Latin America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 43. Latin America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 44. Latin America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 45. Middle East and Africa Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 46. Middle East and Africa Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 47. Middle East and Africa Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 48. Middle East and Africa Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 49. Middle East and Africa Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)
Table 50. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 51. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 52. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 53. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 54. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 55. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 56. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 57. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 58. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 59. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 60. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 61. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 62. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 63. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 64. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue (US$ Million) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 65. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue (US$ Million) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 66. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 67. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 68. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 69. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 70. Procter & Gamble Company Information
Table 71. Procter & Gamble Description and Business Overview
Table 72. Procter & Gamble Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 73. Procter & Gamble Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 74. Procter & Gamble Recent Developments/Updates
Table 75. L’Oreal Company Information
Table 76. L’Oreal Description and Business Overview
Table 77. L’Oreal Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 78. L’Oreal Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 79. L’Oreal Recent Developments/Updates
Table 80. Unilever Company Information
Table 81. Unilever Description and Business Overview
Table 82. Unilever Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 83. Unilever Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 84. Unilever Recent Developments/Updates
Table 85. Taisho Company Information
Table 86. Taisho Description and Business Overview
Table 87. Taisho Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 88. Taisho Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 89. Taisho Recent Developments/Updates
Table 90. Henkel Company Information
Table 91. Henkel Description and Business Overview
Table 92. Henkel Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 93. Henkel Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 94. Henkel Recent Developments/Updates
Table 95. Merck Company Information
Table 96. Merck Description and Business Overview
Table 97. Merck Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 98. Merck Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 99. Merck Recent Developments/Updates
Table 100. Shiseido Company Information
Table 101. Shiseido Description and Business Overview
Table 102. Shiseido Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 103. Shiseido Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 104. Shiseido Recent Developments/Updates
Table 105. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Company Information
Table 106. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Description and Business Overview
Table 107. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 108. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 109. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Recent Developments/Updates
Table 110. Rohto Company Information
Table 111. Rohto Description and Business Overview
Table 112. Rohto Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 113. Rohto Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 114. Rohto Recent Developments/Updates
Table 115. Lifes2Good Company Information
Table 116. Lifes2Good Description and Business Overview
Table 117. Lifes2Good Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 118. Lifes2Good Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 119. Lifes2Good Recent Developments/Updates
Table 120. Gerolymatos International Company Information
Table 121. Gerolymatos International Description and Business Overview
Table 122. Gerolymatos International Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 123. Gerolymatos International Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 124. Gerolymatos International Recent Developments/Updates
Table 125. Toppik Company Information
Table 126. Toppik Description and Business Overview
Table 127. Toppik Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 128. Toppik Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 129. Toppik Recent Developments/Updates
Table 130. Nanogen Company Information
Table 131. Nanogen Description and Business Overview
Table 132. Nanogen Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 133. Nanogen Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 134. Nanogen Recent Developments/Updates
Table 135. Oxford BioLabs Company Information
Table 136. Oxford BioLabs Description and Business Overview
Table 137. Oxford BioLabs Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 138. Oxford BioLabs Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 139. Oxford BioLabs Recent Developments/Updates
Table 140. Ultrax Labs Company Information
Table 141. Ultrax Labs Description and Business Overview
Table 142. Ultrax Labs Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 143. Ultrax Labs Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 144. Ultrax Labs Recent Developments/Updates
Table 145. Avalon Natural Products Company Information
Table 146. Avalon Natural Products Description and Business Overview
Table 147. Avalon Natural Products Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 148. Avalon Natural Products Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 149. Avalon Natural Products Recent Developments/Updates
Table 150. Bayer Company Information
Table 151. Bayer Description and Business Overview
Table 152. Bayer Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 153. Bayer Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 154. Bayer Recent Developments/Updates
Table 155. Pharma Medico Company Information
Table 156. Pharma Medico Description and Business Overview
Table 157. Pharma Medico Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 158. Pharma Medico Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 159. Pharma Medico Recent Developments/Updates
Table 160. Kirkland Signature Company Information
Table 161. Kirkland Signature Description and Business Overview
Table 162. Kirkland Signature Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 163. Kirkland Signature Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 164. Kirkland Signature Recent Developments/Updates
Table 165. Phyto Ales Group Company Information
Table 166. Phyto Ales Group Description and Business Overview
Table 167. Phyto Ales Group Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 168. Phyto Ales Group Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 169. Phyto Ales Group Recent Developments/Updates
Table 170. Amplixin Company Information
Table 171. Amplixin Description and Business Overview
Table 172. Amplixin Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 173. Amplixin Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 174. Amplixin Recent Developments/Updates
Table 175. Kerafiber Company Information
Table 176. Kerafiber Description and Business Overview
Table 177. Kerafiber Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 178. Kerafiber Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 179. Kerafiber Recent Developments/Updates
Table 180. Phyto Company Information
Table 181. Phyto Description and Business Overview
Table 182. Phyto Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 183. Phyto Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 184. Phyto Recent Developments/Updates
Table 185. Keranique Company Information
Table 186. Keranique Description and Business Overview
Table 187. Keranique Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 188. Keranique Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 189. Keranique Recent Developments/Updates
Table 190. DS Healthcare Group Company Information
Table 191. DS Healthcare Group Description and Business Overview
Table 192. DS Healthcare Group Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 193. DS Healthcare Group Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 194. DS Healthcare Group Recent Developments/Updates
Table 195. Kaminomoto Company Information
Table 196. Kaminomoto Description and Business Overview
Table 197. Kaminomoto Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 198. Kaminomoto Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 199. Kaminomoto Recent Developments/Updates
Table 200. Softto Company Information
Table 201. Softto Description and Business Overview
Table 202. Softto Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 203. Softto Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 204. Softto Recent Developments/Updates
Table 205. Bawang Company Information
Table 206. Bawang Description and Business Overview
Table 207. Bawang Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 208. Bawang Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 209. Bawang Recent Developments/Updates
Table 210. Zhang Guang 101 Company Information
Table 211. Zhang Guang 101 Description and Business Overview
Table 212. Zhang Guang 101 Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 213. Zhang Guang 101 Hair Loss Treatment for Man Product
Table 214. Zhang Guang 101 Recent Developments/Updates
Table 215. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 216. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 217. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Distributors List
Table 218. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Customers List
Table 219. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Trends
Table 220. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Drivers
Table 221. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Challenges
Table 222. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Restraints
Table 223. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 224. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 225. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
Table 226. Authors List of This Report
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Hair Loss Treatment for Man
Figure 2. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Value Comparison by Type (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Share by Type: 2024 & 2031
Figure 4. Hair Loss and Growth Devices Product Picture
Figure 5. Shampoos and Conditioners Product Picture
Figure 6. Medicine Product Product Picture
Figure 7. Others Product Picture
Figure 8. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Value by Application (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 9. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Share by Application: 2024 & 2031
Figure 10. Hospital
Figure 11. Drugs Store
Figure 12. Other
Figure 13. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue, (US$ Million), 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 14. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Size (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 15. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 16. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Average Price (US$/Unit) & (2020-2031)
Figure 17. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Report Years Considered
Figure 18. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2024
Figure 19. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2024
Figure 20. Global 5 and 10 Largest Hair Loss Treatment for Man Players: Market Share by Revenue in Hair Loss Treatment for Man in 2024
Figure 21. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2020 VS 2024
Figure 22. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 23. North America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 24. North America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 25. United States Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 26. Canada Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Europe Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 28. Europe Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 29. Germany Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 30. France Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 31. U.K. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 32. Italy Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 33. Russia Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Asia Pacific Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
Figure 35. Asia Pacific Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
Figure 36. China Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 37. Japan Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 38. South Korea Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 39. India Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Australia Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 41. China Taiwan Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Southeast Asia Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Latin America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 44. Latin America Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 45. Mexico Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 46. Brazil Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 47. Argentina Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 48. Middle East and Africa Hair Loss Treatment for Man Sales Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 49. Middle East and Africa Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 50. Turkey Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 51. Saudi Arabia Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 52. UAE Hair Loss Treatment for Man Revenue Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
Figure 53. Global Sales Market Share of Hair Loss Treatment for Man by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 54. Global Revenue Market Share of Hair Loss Treatment for Man by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 55. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 56. Global Sales Market Share of Hair Loss Treatment for Man by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 57. Global Revenue Market Share of Hair Loss Treatment for Man by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 58. Global Hair Loss Treatment for Man Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 59. Hair Loss Treatment for Man Value Chain
Figure 60. Channels of Distribution (Direct Vs Distribution)
Figure 61. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 62. Data Triangulation
Figure 63. Key Executives Interviewed
