List of Tables
Table 1. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2015-2026)
Table 2. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Market Size by Type (K Units) (US$ Million) (2020 VS 2026)
Table 3. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) Comparison by Application: 2020 VS 2026
Table 4. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) by Manufacturers
Table 5. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) by Manufacturers (2015-2020)
Table 6. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Share by Manufacturers (2015-2020)
Table 7. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2015-2020)
Table 8. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015-2020)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) (based on the Revenue in Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer as of 2019)
Table 10. Global Market Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2015-2020)
Table 11. Manufacturers Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Product Types
Table 13. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14.Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 15. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Capacity (K Units) by Region (2015-2020)
Table 16. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) by Region (2015-2020)
Table 17. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) by Region (2015-2020)
Table 18. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue Market Share by Region (2015-2020)
Table 19. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 20. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 21. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 22. China Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 23. Japan Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 24. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) Market by Region (2015-2020)
Table 25. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Region (2015-2020)
Table 26. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption by Countries (2015-2020) (K Units)
Table 27. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption by Countries (2015-2020) (K Units)
Table 28. Asia Pacific Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption by Countries (2015-2020) (K Units)
Table 29. Latin America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption by Countries (2015-2020) (K Units)
Table 30. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) by Type (2015-2020)
Table 31. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table 32. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) by Type (2015-2020)
Table 33. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table 34. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Price (USD/Unit) by Type (2015-2020)
Table 35. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) by Application (2015-2020)
Table 36. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Table 37. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2015-2020)
Table 38. ABB Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 39. ABB Production Sites and Area Served
Table 40. ABB Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 41. ABB Main Business and Markets Served
Table 42. General Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 43. General Electric Production Sites and Area Served
Table 44. General Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 45. General Electric Main Business and Markets Served
Table 46. CG Power and Industrial Solutions Limited Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 47. CG Power and Industrial Solutions Limited Production Sites and Area Served
Table 48. CG Power and Industrial Solutions Limited Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 49. CG Power and Industrial Solutions Limited Main Business and Markets Served
Table 50. Siemens AG Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 51. Siemens AG Production Sites and Area Served
Table 52. Siemens AG Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 53. Siemens AG Main Business and Markets Served
Table 54. CNC Electric Group Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 55. CNC Electric Group Production Sites and Area Served
Table 56. CNC Electric Group Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 57. CNC Electric Group Main Business and Markets Served
Table 58. Eltas Transformator Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 59. Eltas Transformator Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Production Sites and Area Served
Table 60. Eltas Transformator Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 61. Eltas Transformator Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Main Business and Markets Served
Table 62. ISMET Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 63. ISMET Production Sites and Area Served
Table 64. ISMET Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 65. ISMET Main Business and Markets Served
Table 66. Kitashiba Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 67. Kitashiba Electric Production Sites and Area Served
Table 68. Kitashiba Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 69. Kitashiba Electric Main Business and Markets Served
Table 70. LSIS Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 71. LSIS Production Sites and Area Served
Table 72. LSIS Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 73. LSIS Main Business and Markets Served
Table 74. Lemi Trafo JSC Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 75. Lemi Trafo JSC Production Sites and Area Served
Table 76. Lemi Trafo JSC Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 77. Lemi Trafo JSC Main Business and Markets Served
Table 78. Mace SRL Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 79. Mace SRL Production Sites and Area Served
Table 80. Mace SRL Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 81. Mace SRL Main Business and Markets Served
Table 82. METTZ Technology Group Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 83. METTZ Technology Group Production Sites and Area Served
Table 84. METTZ Technology Group Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 85. METTZ Technology Group Main Business and Markets Served
Table 86. Eaton Corporation Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 87. Eaton Corporation Production Sites and Area Served
Table 88. Eaton Corporation Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 89. Eaton Corporation Main Business and Markets Served
Table 90. Hyosung Power & Industrial Systems Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 91. Hyosung Power & Industrial Systems Production Sites and Area Served
Table 92. Hyosung Power & Industrial Systems Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 93. Hyosung Power & Industrial Systems Main Business and Markets Served
Table 94. Celme Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 95. Celme Production Sites and Area Served
Table 96. Celme Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 97. Celme Main Business and Markets Served
Table 98. Ormazabal Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 99. Ormazabal Production Sites and Area Served
Table 100. Ormazabal Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 101. Ormazabal Main Business and Markets Served
Table 102. Elsewedy Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 103. Elsewedy Electric Production Sites and Area Served
Table 104. Elsewedy Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 105. Elsewedy Electric Main Business and Markets Served
Table 106. Schneider Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 107. Schneider Electric Production Sites and Area Served
Table 108. Schneider Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 109. Schneider Electric Main Business and Markets Served
Table 110. Fuji Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 111. Fuji Electric Production Sites and Area Served
Table 112. Fuji Electric Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 113. Fuji Electric Main Business and Markets Served
Table 114. Toshiba Corporation Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 115. Toshiba Corporation Production Sites and Area Served
Table 116. Toshiba Corporation Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 117. Toshiba Corporation Main Business and Markets Served
Table 118. Xian Huayi Dianzi Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Sites and Area Served
Table 119. Xian Huayi Dianzi Production Sites and Area Served
Table 120. Xian Huayi Dianzi Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table 121. Xian Huayi Dianzi Main Business and Markets Served
Table 122. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Table 123. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 124. Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Distributors List
Table 125. Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Customers List
Table 126. Market Key Trends
Table 127. Key Opportunities and Drivers: Impact Analysis (2021-2026)
Table 128. Key Challenges
Table 129. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Forecast by Region (2021-2026)
Table 130. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Forecast 2021-2026 (K Units) by Country
Table 131. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Forecast 2021-2026 (K Units) by Country
Table 132. Asia Pacific Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Forecast 2021-2026 (K Units) by Regions
Table 133. Latin America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Forecast 2021-2026 (K Units) by Country
Table 134. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) Forecast by Regions (2021-2026)
Table 135. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Table 136. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Table 137. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Price (USD/Unit) Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Table 138. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) Forecast by Application (2021-2026)
Table 139.Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 140.Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 141.Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Picture of Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer
Figure 2. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Market Share by Type: 2020 VS 2026
Figure 3. Below 5 MVA Product Picture
Figure 4. 5 To 10 MVA Product Picture
Figure 5. Above 10 MVA Product Picture
Figure 6. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Application: 2020 VS 2026
Figure 7. Residential & Commercial
Figure 8. Utility
Figure 9. Industrial
Figure 10. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate (2015-2026)
Figure 11. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate (2015-2026)
Figure 12. China Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate (2015-2026)
Figure 13. Japan Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate (2015-2026)
Figure 14. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) (2015-2026)
Figure 15. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units) (2015-2026)
Figure 16. Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Share by Manufacturers in 2019
Figure 17. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2019
Figure 18. Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2015 VS 2019
Figure 19. Global Market Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers in 2019
Figure 20. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue in 2019
Figure 21. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Market Share by Region (2015-2020)
Figure 22. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Market Share by Region in 2019
Figure 23. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue Market Share by Region (2015-2020)
Figure 24. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue Market Share by Region in 2019
Figure 25. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure 26. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure 27. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure 28. China Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure 29. Japan Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure 30. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Region (2015-2020)
Figure 31. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Region in 2019
Figure 32. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 33. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 34. Canada Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 35. U.S. Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 36. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 37. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 38. Germany America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 39. France Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 40. U.K. Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 41. Italy Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 42. Russia Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 43. Asia Pacific Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 44. Asia Pacific Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure 45. China Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 46. Japan Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 47. South Korea Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 48. Taiwan Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 49. Southeast Asia Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 50. India Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 51. Australia Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 52. Latin America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 53. Latin America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 54. Mexico Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 55. Brazil Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 56. Production Market Share of Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer by Type (2015-2020)
Figure 57. Production Market Share of Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer by Type in 2019
Figure 58. Revenue Share of Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer by Type (2015-2020)
Figure 59. Revenue Market Share of Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer by Type in 2019
Figure 60. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Growth by Type (2015-2020) (K Units)
Figure 61. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Figure 62. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure 63. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2015-2020)
Figure 64. Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Figure 65. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer
Figure 66. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer
Figure 67. Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 68. Channels of Distribution
Figure 69. Distributors Profiles
Figure 70. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
Figure 71. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Capacity (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 72. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 73. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 74. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Price and Trend Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 75. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2021-2026)
Figure 76. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 77. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 78. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 79. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 80. China Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 81. China Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 82. Japan Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 83. Japan Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue (Million US$) and Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 84. Global Forecasted and Consumption Demand Analysis of Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer
Figure 85. North America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 86. Europe Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 87. Asia Pacific Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 88. Latin America Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)
Figure 89. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Production (K Units) Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Figure 90. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Figure 91. Global Three-Phase Oil-Immersed Transformer Consumption Forecast by Application (2021-2026)
Figure 92. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 93. Data Triangulation