List of Tables
Table 1. Subjective Refraction Units Market Trends
Table 2. Subjective Refraction Units Market Drivers & Opportunity
Table 3. Subjective Refraction Units Market Challenges
Table 4. Subjective Refraction Units Market Restraints
Table 5. Global Subjective Refraction Units Revenue by Company (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 6. Global Subjective Refraction Units Revenue Market Share by Company (2019-2024)
Table 7. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Company (2019-2024) & (Units)
Table 8. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume Market Share by Company (2019-2024)
Table 9. Global Market Subjective Refraction Units Price by Company (2019-2024) & (US$/Unit)
Table 10. Key Manufacturers Subjective Refraction Units Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table 11. Key Manufacturers Subjective Refraction Units Product Type
Table 12. Key Manufacturers Time to Begin Mass Production of Subjective Refraction Units
Table 13. Global Subjective Refraction Units Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Global Top Manufacturers Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Subjective Refraction Units as of 2023)
Table 15. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 16. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 17. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 18. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 19. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Market Share in Value by Type (2019-2024) & (%)
Table 20. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Market Share in Value by Type (2025-2030) & (%)
Table 21. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Type: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (Units)
Table 22. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Type (2019-2024) & (Units)
Table 23. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Type (2025-2030) & (Units)
Table 24. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Market Share in Volume by Type (2019-2024) & (%)
Table 25. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Market Share in Volume by Type (2025-2030) & (%)
Table 26. Global Subjective Refraction Units Price by Type (2019-2024) & (US$/Unit)
Table 27. Global Subjective Refraction Units Price by Type (2025-2030) & (US$/Unit)
Table 28. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 29. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 30. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 31. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Market Share in Value by Application (2019-2024) & (%)
Table 32. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Market Share in Value by Application (2025-2030) & (%)
Table 33. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Application: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (Units)
Table 34. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Application (2019-2024) & (Units)
Table 35. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Application (2025-2030) & (Units)
Table 36. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Market Share in Volume by Application (2019-2024) & (%)
Table 37. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Market Share in Volume by Application (2025-2030) & (%)
Table 38. Global Subjective Refraction Units Price by Application (2019-2024) & (US$/Unit)
Table 39. Global Subjective Refraction Units Price by Application (2025-2030) & (US$/Unit)
Table 40. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 41. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 42. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 43. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Region (2019-2024) & (%)
Table 44. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Region (2025-2030) & (%)
Table 45. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Region (Units): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 46. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Region (2019-2024) & (Units)
Table 47. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Region (2025-2030) & (Units)
Table 48. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Region (2019-2024) & (%)
Table 49. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Region (2025-2030) & (%)
Table 50. Global Subjective Refraction Units Average Price by Region (2019-2024) & (US$/Unit)
Table 51. Global Subjective Refraction Units Average Price by Region (2025-2030) & (US$/Unit)
Table 52. Key Countries/Regions Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value Growth Trends, (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 53. Key Countries/Regions Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 54. Key Countries/Regions Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 55. Key Countries/Regions Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume, (2019-2024) & (Units)
Table 56. Key Countries/Regions Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume, (2025-2030) & (Units)
Table 57. Reichert Company Information
Table 58. Reichert Introduction and Business Overview
Table 59. Reichert Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 60. Reichert Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 61. Reichert Recent Development
Table 62. Topcon Company Information
Table 63. Topcon Introduction and Business Overview
Table 64. Topcon Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 65. Topcon Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 66. Topcon Recent Development
Table 67. Nidek Company Information
Table 68. Nidek Introduction and Business Overview
Table 69. Nidek Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 70. Nidek Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 71. Nidek Recent Development
Table 72. Zeiss Company Information
Table 73. Zeiss Introduction and Business Overview
Table 74. Zeiss Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 75. Zeiss Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 76. Zeiss Recent Development
Table 77. Rexxam Company Information
Table 78. Rexxam Introduction and Business Overview
Table 79. Rexxam Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 80. Rexxam Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 81. Rexxam Recent Development
Table 82. Essilor Company Information
Table 83. Essilor Introduction and Business Overview
Table 84. Essilor Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 85. Essilor Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 86. Essilor Recent Development
Table 87. Huvitz Company Information
Table 88. Huvitz Introduction and Business Overview
Table 89. Huvitz Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 90. Huvitz Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 91. Huvitz Recent Development
Table 92. Marco Company Information
Table 93. Marco Introduction and Business Overview
Table 94. Marco Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 95. Marco Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 96. Marco Recent Development
Table 97. Luneau Technology Company Information
Table 98. Luneau Technology Introduction and Business Overview
Table 99. Luneau Technology Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 100. Luneau Technology Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 101. Luneau Technology Recent Development
Table 102. Righton Company Information
Table 103. Righton Introduction and Business Overview
Table 104. Righton Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 105. Righton Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 106. Righton Recent Development
Table 107. Ming Sing Optical Company Information
Table 108. Ming Sing Optical Introduction and Business Overview
Table 109. Ming Sing Optical Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 110. Ming Sing Optical Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 111. Ming Sing Optical Recent Development
Table 112. Shanghai Supore Company Information
Table 113. Shanghai Supore Introduction and Business Overview
Table 114. Shanghai Supore Subjective Refraction Units Sales (Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 115. Shanghai Supore Subjective Refraction Units Product Offerings
Table 116. Shanghai Supore Recent Development
Table 117. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 118. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 119. Subjective Refraction Units Downstream Customers
Table 120. Subjective Refraction Units Distributors List
Table 121. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 122. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 123. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Subjective Refraction Units Product Picture
Figure 2. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 4. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume (2019-2030) & (Units)
Figure 5. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Price (2019-2030) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 6. Subjective Refraction Units Report Years Considered
Figure 7. Global Subjective Refraction Units Players Revenue Ranking (2023) & (US$ Million)
Figure 8. Global Subjective Refraction Units Players Sales Volume Ranking (2023) & (Units)
Figure 9. The 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers in the World: Market Share by Subjective Refraction Units Revenue in 2023
Figure 10. Subjective Refraction Units Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2019 VS 2023
Figure 11. Desktop Screen Picture
Figure 12. Handheld Screen Picture
Figure 13. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 14. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value Market Share by Type, 2023 & 2030
Figure 15. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Type (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030) & (Units)
Figure 16. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume Market Share by Type, 2023 & 2030
Figure 17. Global Subjective Refraction Units Price by Type (2019-2030) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 18. Product Picture of Optical Shop
Figure 19. Product Picture of Hospitals
Figure 20. Product Picture of Others
Figure 21. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 22. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value Market Share by Application, 2023 & 2030
Figure 23. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume by Application (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030) & (Units)
Figure 24. Global Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume Market Share by Application, 2023 & 2030
Figure 25. Global Subjective Refraction Units Price by Application (2019-2030) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 26. North America Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 27. North America Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Country (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 28. Europe Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 29. Europe Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Country (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 30. Asia Pacific Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 31. Asia Pacific Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Country (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 32. South America Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 33. South America Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Country (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 34. Middle East & Africa Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 35. Middle East & Africa Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Country (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 36. Key Countries/Regions Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value (%), (2019-2030)
Figure 37. Key Countries/Regions Subjective Refraction Units Sales Volume (%), (2019-2030)
Figure 38. United States Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 39. United States Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 40. United States Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 41. Europe Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Europe Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 43. Europe Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 44. China Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 45. China Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 46. China Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 47. Japan Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 48. Japan Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 49. Japan Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 50. South Korea Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 51. South Korea Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 52. South Korea Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 53. Southeast Asia Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 54. Southeast Asia Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 55. Southeast Asia Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 56. India Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value, (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 57. India Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Type (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 58. India Subjective Refraction Units Sales Value by Application (%), 2023 VS 2030
Figure 59. Subjective Refraction Units Industrial Chain
Figure 60. Subjective Refraction Units Manufacturing Cost Structure
Figure 61. Channels of Distribution (Direct Sales, and Distribution)
Figure 62. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 63. Data Triangulation
Figure 64. Key Executives Interviewed