List of Tables
Table 1. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Value by Type, (US$ Million) & (2024 VS 2031)
Table 2. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Value by Application, (US$ Million) & (2024 VS 2031)
Table 3. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Capacity (K Units) by Manufacturers in 2024
Table 4. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production by Manufacturers (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 5. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 6. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value by Manufacturers (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
Table 7. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
Table 8. Global Key Players of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection, Industry Ranking, 2023 VS 2024
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Production Value in Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection as of 2024)
Table 10. Global Market Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Average Price by Manufacturers (US$/Unit) & (2020-2025)
Table 11. Global Key Manufacturers of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table 12. Global Key Manufacturers of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection, Product Offered and Application
Table 13. Global Key Manufacturers of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 14. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 15. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 16. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Table 17. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 18. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 19. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 20. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 21. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Comparison by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 22. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 23. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 24. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units) Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 25. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 26. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Average Price (US$/Unit) by Region (2020-2025)
Table 27. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Average Price (US$/Unit) by Region (2026-2031)
Table 28. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 29. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Region (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 30. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 31. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Forecasted Consumption by Region (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 32. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Forecasted Consumption Market Share by Region (2026-2031)
Table 33. North America Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 34. North America Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 35. North America Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 36. Europe Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 37. Europe Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 38. Europe Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 39. Asia Pacific Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Region (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 41. Asia Pacific Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Region (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 42. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Table 43. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Country (2020-2025) & (K Units)
Table 44. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Country (2026-2031) & (K Units)
Table 45. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 46. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 47. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 48. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 49. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 50. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 51. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
Table 52. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Market Share by Type (2026-2031)
Table 53. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2020-2025)
Table 54. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2026-2031)
Table 55. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 56. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 57. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 58. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 59. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 60. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 61. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 62. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Market Share by Application (2026-2031)
Table 63. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2020-2025)
Table 64. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2026-2031)
Table 65. Infineon Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 66. Infineon Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 67. Infineon Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 68. Infineon Main Business and Markets Served
Table 69. Infineon Recent Developments/Updates
Table 70. Nexperia Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 71. Nexperia Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 72. Nexperia Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 73. Nexperia Main Business and Markets Served
Table 74. Nexperia Recent Developments/Updates
Table 75. SEMTECH Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 76. SEMTECH Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 77. SEMTECH Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 78. SEMTECH Main Business and Markets Served
Table 79. SEMTECH Recent Developments/Updates
Table 80. Vishay Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 81. Vishay Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 82. Vishay Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 83. Vishay Main Business and Markets Served
Table 84. Vishay Recent Developments/Updates
Table 85. Littelfuse Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 86. Littelfuse Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 87. Littelfuse Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 88. Littelfuse Main Business and Markets Served
Table 89. Littelfuse Recent Developments/Updates
Table 90. BrightKing Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 91. BrightKing Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 92. BrightKing Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 93. BrightKing Main Business and Markets Served
Table 94. BrightKing Recent Developments/Updates
Table 95. Amazing Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 96. Amazing Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 97. Amazing Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 98. Amazing Main Business and Markets Served
Table 99. Amazing Recent Developments/Updates
Table 100. STMicroelectronics Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 101. STMicroelectronics Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 102. STMicroelectronics Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 103. STMicroelectronics Main Business and Markets Served
Table 104. STMicroelectronics Recent Developments/Updates
Table 105. ON Semiconductor Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 106. ON Semiconductor Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 107. ON Semiconductor Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 108. ON Semiconductor Main Business and Markets Served
Table 109. ON Semiconductor Recent Developments/Updates
Table 110. OmniVision Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 111. OmniVision Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 112. OmniVision Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 113. OmniVision Main Business and Markets Served
Table 114. OmniVision Recent Developments/Updates
Table 115. WAYON Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 116. WAYON Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 117. WAYON Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 118. WAYON Main Business and Markets Served
Table 119. WAYON Recent Developments/Updates
Table 120. Prisemi Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 121. Prisemi Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 122. Prisemi Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 123. Prisemi Main Business and Markets Served
Table 124. Prisemi Recent Developments/Updates
Table 125. Bourns Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 126. Bourns Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 127. Bourns Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 128. Bourns Main Business and Markets Served
Table 129. Bourns Recent Developments/Updates
Table 130. LAN technology Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 131. LAN technology Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 132. LAN technology Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 133. LAN technology Main Business and Markets Served
Table 134. LAN technology Recent Developments/Updates
Table 135. ANOVA Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 136. ANOVA Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 137. ANOVA Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 138. ANOVA Main Business and Markets Served
Table 139. ANOVA Recent Developments/Updates
Table 140. MDE Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 141. MDE Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 142. MDE Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 143. MDE Main Business and Markets Served
Table 144. MDE Recent Developments/Updates
Table 145. TOSHIBA Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 146. TOSHIBA Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 147. TOSHIBA Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 148. TOSHIBA Main Business and Markets Served
Table 149. TOSHIBA Recent Developments/Updates
Table 150. UN Semiconductor Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 151. UN Semiconductor Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 152. UN Semiconductor Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 153. UN Semiconductor Main Business and Markets Served
Table 154. UN Semiconductor Recent Developments/Updates
Table 155. PROTEK Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 156. PROTEK Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 157. PROTEK Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 158. PROTEK Main Business and Markets Served
Table 159. PROTEK Recent Developments/Updates
Table 160. INPAQ Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 161. INPAQ Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 162. INPAQ Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 163. INPAQ Main Business and Markets Served
Table 164. INPAQ Recent Developments/Updates
Table 165. EIC Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Company Information
Table 166. EIC Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Specification and Application
Table 167. EIC Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Table 168. EIC Main Business and Markets Served
Table 169. EIC Recent Developments/Updates
Table 170. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 171. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 172. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Distributors List
Table 173. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Customers List
Table 174. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Trends
Table 175. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Drivers
Table 176. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Challenges
Table 177. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Restraints
Table 178. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 179. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 180. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
Table 181. Authors List of This Report
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection
Figure 2. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Value by Type, (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 3. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Share by Type: 2024 VS 2031
Figure 4. TVS Diodes Product Picture
Figure 5. Switching Diode Product Picture
Figure 6. Rectifier Diode Product Picture
Figure 7. Others Product Picture
Figure 8. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Value by Application, (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 9. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Share by Application: 2024 VS 2031
Figure 10. Automobile
Figure 11. Industrial
Figure 12. Power Supply
Figure 13. Military/Aerospace
Figure 14. Telecommunications
Figure 15. Others
Figure 16. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million), 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 17. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) & (2020-2031)
Figure 18. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Capacity (K Units) & (2020-2031)
Figure 19. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production (K Units) & (2020-2031)
Figure 20. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Average Price (US$/Unit) & (2020-2031)
Figure 21. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Report Years Considered
Figure 22. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Share by Manufacturers in 2024
Figure 23. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Share by Manufacturers (2024)
Figure 24. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2020 VS 2024
Figure 25. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Revenue in 2024
Figure 26. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 28. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Comparison by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Figure 29. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 30. North America Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 31. Europe Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 32. China Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 33. Japan Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 34. South Korea Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
Figure 35. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031 (K Units)
Figure 36. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
Figure 37. North America Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 38. North America Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 39. U.S. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 40. Canada Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 41. Europe Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 42. Europe Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 43. Germany Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 44. France Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 45. U.K. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 46. Italy Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 47. Netherlands Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 48. Asia Pacific Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 49. Asia Pacific Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
Figure 50. China Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 51. Japan Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 52. South Korea Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 53. China Taiwan Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 54. Southeast Asia Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 55. India Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 56. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 57. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption Market Share by Country (2020-2031)
Figure 58. Mexico Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 59. Brazil Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 60. Israel Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Consumption and Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (K Units)
Figure 61. Global Production Market Share of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 62. Global Production Value Market Share of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 63. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2020-2031)
Figure 64. Global Production Market Share of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 65. Global Production Value Market Share of Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 66. Global Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2020-2031)
Figure 67. Multi Purpose Diodes for ESD Protection Value Chain
Figure 68. Channels of Distribution (Direct Vs Distribution)
Figure 69. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 70. Data Triangulation
