aluates Reports

$ 0.0

Automative

Global Veterinary Incubators Market Research Report 2025

Published Date: September 2025

Report Code: QYRE-Auto-36Y1666

Global Veterinary Incubators Market Insights and Forecast to 2028

BUY CHAPTERS

Global Veterinary Incubators Market Research Report 2025

Code: QYRE-Auto-36Y1666

Report

September 2025

Pages:60

QYResearch

Buy Now with 15% Discount

DESCRIPTION

TABLE OF CONTENT

TABLES & FIGURES

FEATURED COMPANIES

Veterinary Incubators Market Size

According to Our PET Supplies Research Center, the global pet industry reached $ 261 billion in 2022, a year-on-year increase of 11.3%.

Veterinary Incubators Market

The global market for Veterinary Incubators was valued at US$ million in the year 2024 and is projected to reach a revised size of US$ million by 2031, growing at a CAGR of %during the forecast period.

Veterinary Incubators are devices used to maintain optimum temperature and humidity for development and growth of the premature animals.

The United States gains the highest pet penetration rate and becomes the largest pet market. According to the American Pet Products Association (APPA), 66% of American households keep pets, and the total industry sales was about US$136.8 billion, an increase of 10.8% over 2021. According to IVH, the German pet products industry association, the number of pets in Germany reached 33.4 million in 2022, with a total turnover of nearly €6.5 billion. The 2023 China Pet Industry Trend Insight White Paper released by JD shows that the market size of the four major pet physical commodities is increasing year by year: pet supplies account for 45%, pet staple food accounts for nearly 35%, pet snacks account for 12%, and pet medicine and health care account for 118%.

This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Veterinary Incubators, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Veterinary Incubators.

The Veterinary Incubators market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of and revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. This report segments the global Veterinary Incubators market comprehensively. Regional market sizes, concerning products by Type, by Application, and by players, are also provided.

For a more in-depth understanding of the market, the report provides profiles of the competitive landscape, key competitors, and their respective market ranks. The report also discusses technological trends and new product developments.

The report will help the Veterinary Incubators companies, new entrants, and industry chain related companies in this market with information on the revenues for the overall market and the sub-segments across the different segments, by company, by Type, by Application, and by regions.

Market Segmentation

Scope of Veterinary Incubators Market Report

Report Metric	Details
Report Name	Veterinary Incubators Market
Accounted market size in 2022	$ 261 billion
Base Year	2022
Segment by Type	Portable Veterinary Incubators Standalone Veterinary Incubators
Segment by Application	Veterinary Hospitals Veterinary Clinics Research Institutes Others
By Region	North America (United States, Canada) Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, Russia) Rest of Europe Nordic Countries Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea) Southeast Asia (India, Australia) Rest of Asia Latin America (Mexico, Brazil) Rest of Latin America Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Rest of MEA)
By Company	DRE Veterinary, Braun, Woodley Equipment, Lyon Technologies
Forecast units	USD million in value
Report coverage	Revenue and volume forecast, company share, competitive landscape, growth factors and trends

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by Type, by Application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 2: Introduces executive summary of global market size, regional market size, this section also introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by companies in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Veterinary Incubators company competitive landscape, revenue market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6, 7, 8, 9, 10: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa segment by country. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and capacity of each country in the world.
Chapter 11: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 12: The main points and conclusions of the report.

FAQ for this report

Who are the main players in the Veterinary Incubators Market report?

Ans: The main players in the Veterinary Incubators Market are DRE Veterinary, Braun, Woodley Equipment, Lyon Technologies

What are the Application segmentation covered in the Veterinary Incubators Market report?

Ans: The Applications covered in the Veterinary Incubators Market report are Veterinary Hospitals, Veterinary Clinics, Research Institutes, Others

What are the Type segmentation covered in the Veterinary Incubators Market report?

Ans: The Types covered in the Veterinary Incubators Market report are Portable Veterinary Incubators, Standalone Veterinary Incubators

1 Report Overview

1.1 Study Scope

1.2 Market Analysis by Type

1.2.1 Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

1.2.2 Portable Veterinary Incubators

1.2.3 Standalone Veterinary Incubators

1.3 Market by Application

1.3.1 Global Veterinary Incubators Market Growth by Application: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

1.3.2 Veterinary Hospitals

1.3.3 Veterinary Clinics

1.3.4 Research Institutes

1.3.5 Others

1.4 Assumptions and Limitations

1.5 Study Objectives

1.6 Years Considered

2 Global Growth Trends

2.1 Global Veterinary Incubators Market Perspective (2020-2031)

2.2 Global Veterinary Incubators Growth Trends by Region

2.2.1 Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

2.2.2 Veterinary Incubators Historic Market Size by Region (2020-2025)

2.2.3 Veterinary Incubators Forecasted Market Size by Region (2026-2031)

2.3 Veterinary Incubators Market Dynamics

2.3.1 Veterinary Incubators Industry Trends

2.3.2 Veterinary Incubators Market Drivers

2.3.3 Veterinary Incubators Market Challenges

2.3.4 Veterinary Incubators Market Restraints

3 Competition Landscape by Key Players

3.1 Global Top Veterinary Incubators Players by Revenue

3.1.1 Global Top Veterinary Incubators Players by Revenue (2020-2025)

3.1.2 Global Veterinary Incubators Revenue Market Share by Players (2020-2025)

3.2 Global Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)

3.3 Global Key Players Ranking by Veterinary Incubators Revenue

3.4 Global Veterinary Incubators Market Concentration Ratio

3.4.1 Global Veterinary Incubators Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)

3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Veterinary Incubators Revenue in 2024

3.5 Global Key Players of Veterinary Incubators Head office and Area Served

3.6 Global Key Players of Veterinary Incubators, Product and Application

3.7 Global Key Players of Veterinary Incubators, Date of Enter into This Industry

3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

4 Veterinary Incubators Breakdown Data by Type

4.1 Global Veterinary Incubators Historic Market Size by Type (2020-2025)

4.2 Global Veterinary Incubators Forecasted Market Size by Type (2026-2031)

5 Veterinary Incubators Breakdown Data by Application

5.1 Global Veterinary Incubators Historic Market Size by Application (2020-2025)

5.2 Global Veterinary Incubators Forecasted Market Size by Application (2026-2031)

6 North America

6.1 North America Veterinary Incubators Market Size (2020-2031)

6.2 North America Veterinary Incubators Market Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

6.3 North America Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2020-2025)

6.4 North America Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2026-2031)

6.5 United States

6.6 Canada

7 Europe

7.1 Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Size (2020-2031)

7.2 Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

7.3 Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2020-2025)

7.4 Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2026-2031)

7.5 Germany

7.6 France

7.7 U.K.

7.8 Italy

7.9 Russia

7.10 Nordic Countries

8 Asia-Pacific

8.1 Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Size (2020-2031)

8.2 Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Growth Rate by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

8.3 Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Region (2020-2025)

8.4 Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Region (2026-2031)

8.5 China

8.6 Japan

8.7 South Korea

8.8 Southeast Asia

8.9 India

8.10 Australia

9 Latin America

9.1 Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Size (2020-2031)

9.2 Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

9.3 Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2020-2025)

9.4 Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2026-2031)

9.5 Mexico

9.6 Brazil

10 Middle East & Africa

10.1 Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Size (2020-2031)

10.2 Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

10.3 Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2020-2025)

10.4 Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2026-2031)

10.5 Turkey

10.6 Saudi Arabia

10.7 UAE

11 Key Players Profiles

11.1 DRE Veterinary

11.1.1 DRE Veterinary Company Details

11.1.2 DRE Veterinary Business Overview

11.1.3 DRE Veterinary Veterinary Incubators Introduction

11.1.4 DRE Veterinary Revenue in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025)

11.1.5 DRE Veterinary Recent Development

11.2 Braun

11.2.1 Braun Company Details

11.2.2 Braun Business Overview

11.2.3 Braun Veterinary Incubators Introduction

11.2.4 Braun Revenue in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025)

11.2.5 Braun Recent Development

11.3 Woodley Equipment

11.3.1 Woodley Equipment Company Details

11.3.2 Woodley Equipment Business Overview

11.3.3 Woodley Equipment Veterinary Incubators Introduction

11.3.4 Woodley Equipment Revenue in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025)

11.3.5 Woodley Equipment Recent Development

11.4 Lyon Technologies

11.4.1 Lyon Technologies Company Details

11.4.2 Lyon Technologies Business Overview

11.4.3 Lyon Technologies Veterinary Incubators Introduction

11.4.4 Lyon Technologies Revenue in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025)

11.4.5 Lyon Technologies Recent Development

12 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions

13 Appendix

13.1 Research Methodology

13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach

13.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design

13.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation

13.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation

13.1.2 Data Source

13.1.2.1 Secondary Sources

13.1.2.2 Primary Sources

13.2 Author Details

13.3 Disclaimer

FEATURED COMPANIES

List of Tables

Table 1. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size Growth Rate by Type (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Table 2. Key Players of Portable Veterinary Incubators

Table 3. Key Players of Standalone Veterinary Incubators

Table 4. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size Growth by Application (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Table 5. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Table 6. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Region (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 7. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Region (2020-2025)

Table 8. Global Veterinary Incubators Forecasted Market Size by Region (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

Table 9. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Region (2026-2031)

Table 10. Veterinary Incubators Market Trends

Table 11. Veterinary Incubators Market Drivers

Table 12. Veterinary Incubators Market Challenges

Table 13. Veterinary Incubators Market Restraints

Table 14. Global Veterinary Incubators Revenue by Players (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 15. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Players (2020-2025)

Table 16. Global Top Veterinary Incubators Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Veterinary Incubators as of 2024)

Table 17. Ranking of Global Top Veterinary Incubators Companies by Revenue (US$ Million) in 2024

Table 18. Global 5 Largest Players Market Share by Veterinary Incubators Revenue (CR5 and HHI) & (2020-2025)

Table 19. Global Key Players of Veterinary Incubators, Headquarters and Area Served

Table 20. Global Key Players of Veterinary Incubators, Product and Application

Table 21. Global Key Players of Veterinary Incubators, Date of Enter into This Industry

Table 22. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

Table 23. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Type (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 24. Global Veterinary Incubators Revenue Market Share by Type (2020-2025)

Table 25. Global Veterinary Incubators Forecasted Market Size by Type (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

Table 26. Global Veterinary Incubators Revenue Market Share by Type (2026-2031)

Table 27. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Application (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 28. Global Veterinary Incubators Revenue Market Share by Application (2020-2025)

Table 29. Global Veterinary Incubators Forecasted Market Size by Application (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

Table 30. Global Veterinary Incubators Revenue Market Share by Application (2026-2031)

Table 31. North America Veterinary Incubators Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Table 32. North America Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 33. North America Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

Table 34. Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Table 35. Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 36. Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

Table 37. Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Size Growth Rate by Region (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Table 38. Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Region (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 39. Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Region (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

Table 40. Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Table 41. Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 42. Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

Table 43. Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Table 44. Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 45. Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

Table 46. DRE Veterinary Company Details

Table 47. DRE Veterinary Business Overview

Table 48. DRE Veterinary Veterinary Incubators Product

Table 49. DRE Veterinary Revenue in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 50. DRE Veterinary Recent Development

Table 51. Braun Company Details

Table 52. Braun Business Overview

Table 53. Braun Veterinary Incubators Product

Table 54. Braun Revenue in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 55. Braun Recent Development

Table 56. Woodley Equipment Company Details

Table 57. Woodley Equipment Business Overview

Table 58. Woodley Equipment Veterinary Incubators Product

Table 59. Woodley Equipment Revenue in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 60. Woodley Equipment Recent Development

Table 61. Lyon Technologies Company Details

Table 62. Lyon Technologies Business Overview

Table 63. Lyon Technologies Veterinary Incubators Product

Table 64. Lyon Technologies Revenue in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

Table 65. Lyon Technologies Recent Development

Table 66. Research Programs/Design for This Report

Table 67. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources

Table 68. Key Data Information from Primary Sources

Table 69. Authors List of This Report

List of Figures

Figure 1. Veterinary Incubators Picture

Figure 2. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size Comparison by Type (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 3. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Type: 2024 VS 2031

Figure 4. Portable Veterinary Incubators Features

Figure 5. Standalone Veterinary Incubators Features

Figure 6. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size by Application (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 7. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Application: 2024 VS 2031

Figure 8. Veterinary Hospitals Case Studies

Figure 9. Veterinary Clinics Case Studies

Figure 10. Research Institutes Case Studies

Figure 11. Others Case Studies

Figure 12. Veterinary Incubators Report Years Considered

Figure 13. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size (US$ Million), Year-over-Year: 2020-2031

Figure 14. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Size, (US$ Million), 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

Figure 15. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Region: 2024 VS 2031

Figure 16. Global Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Players in 2024

Figure 17. Global Top Veterinary Incubators Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Veterinary Incubators as of 2024)

Figure 18. The Top 10 and 5 Players Market Share by Veterinary Incubators Revenue in 2024

Figure 19. North America Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 20. North America Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Country (2020-2031)

Figure 21. United States Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 22. Canada Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 23. Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 24. Europe Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Country (2020-2031)

Figure 25. Germany Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 26. France Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 27. U.K. Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 28. Italy Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 29. Russia Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 30. Nordic Countries Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 31. Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 32. Asia-Pacific Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Region (2020-2031)

Figure 33. China Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 34. Japan Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 35. South Korea Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 36. Southeast Asia Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 37. India Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 38. Australia Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 39. Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 40. Latin America Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Country (2020-2031)

Figure 41. Mexico Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 42. Brazil Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 43. Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 44. Middle East & Africa Veterinary Incubators Market Share by Country (2020-2031)

Figure 45. Turkey Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 47. UAE Veterinary Incubators Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

Figure 48. DRE Veterinary Revenue Growth Rate in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025)

Figure 49. Braun Revenue Growth Rate in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025)

Figure 50. Woodley Equipment Revenue Growth Rate in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025)

Figure 51. Lyon Technologies Revenue Growth Rate in Veterinary Incubators Business (2020-2025)

Figure 52. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report

Figure 53. Data Triangulation

Figure 54. Key Executives Interviewed

SELECT A FORMAT

Added to Cart

Single User

Electronic (PDF)

$2900

This license allows only one user to access the PDF.

Multi User

Electronic (PDF)

$4350

This license allows 1 - 5 user to access the PDF, license is suitable for small groups of 5 users working together

Enterprise User

Electronic (PDF)

$5800

This license allows users/teams in a same Enterprise to use this report, various departments within an enterpise can use this report

Add to Cart

Buy Now (15% Discount)

HAVE A QUERY?

INQUIRE ABOUT REPORT EMAIL US

OUR CUSTOMER

Global Veterinary Cages Market Research Report 2024

Global Incubator Devices Market Research Report 2025

Global Veterinary Medical Devices Market Insights Forecast to 2030

Global Intensive Care Veterinary Incubator Market Research Report 2024

Global Incubation Machines Market Research Report 2025

Global Cell Incubator Market Research Report 2024

Global Veterinary Laboratory Testing Market Research Report 2025

Global Veterinary Surgical Equipment Market Research Report 2024

Global Veterinary Health Products Market Research Report 2024

Global General Incubator Market Research Report 2025

Pet Incubator Global Market Share and Ranking Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2024 2030

Global Pharmaceutical Incubators Market Research Report 2024

Global Heating Incubators Market Research Report 2024

Global Veterinary Collars Market Research Report 2024

Veterinary Robot Global Market Share and Ranking Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2024 2030

Animal ICU Incubator Global Market Share and Ranking Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2024 2030

Incubators for Babies Market

Veterinary Equipment Global Market Share and Ranking Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2024 2030

Global Veterinary Diagnostic Equipment Market Research Report 2024

aluates Reports

Support Contacts

U.S. (TOLL FREE)

+1 (425) 388-2538

sales@valuates.com

THE COMPANY

OUR PRODUCTS

CUSTOMER SUPPORT

CONTACT
FAQ

POLICES

THE COMPANY

ABOUT US

CUSTOMER SUPPORT

CONTACT
FAQ

OUR PRODUCTS

POLICES

Sitemap - Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions