List of Tables
Table 1. Global Steering Snap Rings Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 2. Major Manufacturers of Diameter ≥5/8 Inch
Table 3. Major Manufacturers of Diameter <5/8 Inch
Table 4. Global Steering Snap Rings Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 5. Global Steering Snap Rings Production by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 6. Global Steering Snap Rings Production by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 7. Global Steering Snap Rings Production by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 8. Global Steering Snap Rings Production Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 9. Global Steering Snap Rings Production Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 10. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 11. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 12. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 13. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 14. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 15. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Grow Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 16. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 17. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 18. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 19. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 20. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 21. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 22. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Manufacturers (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 23. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 24. Steering Snap Rings Price by Manufacturers 2019-2024 (USD/Unit)
Table 25. Global Key Players of Steering Snap Rings, Industry Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
Table 26. Global Steering Snap Rings Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 27. Global Steering Snap Rings by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Steering Snap Rings as of 2023)
Table 28. Global Key Manufacturers of Steering Snap Rings, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table 29. Global Key Manufacturers of Steering Snap Rings, Product Offered and Application
Table 30. Global Key Manufacturers of Steering Snap Rings, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 31. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 32. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 33. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 34. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 35. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 36. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 38. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 39. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 40. Steering Snap Rings Price by Type (2019-2024) & (USD/Unit)
Table 41. Global Steering Snap Rings Price Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (USD/Unit)
Table 42. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 43. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 44. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 45. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 46. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 47. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 48. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 49. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 50. Steering Snap Rings Price by Application (2019-2024) & (USD/Unit)
Table 51. Global Steering Snap Rings Price Forecast by Application (2025-2030) & (USD/Unit)
Table 52. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 53. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 54. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 55. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 56. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 57. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 58. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 59. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 60. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 61. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 62. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 63. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 64. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 65. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 66. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 67. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 68. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 69. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 70. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 71. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 72. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 73. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 74. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 75. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 76. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 77. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 78. China Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 79. China Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 80. China Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 81. China Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 82. China Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 83. China Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 84. China Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 85. China Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 86. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 87. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 88. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 89. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 90. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 91. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 92. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 93. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 94. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 95. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 96. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 97. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 98. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 99. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 100. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 101. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 102. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 103. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 104. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 105. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 106. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 107. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 108. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 109. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 110. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 111. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 112. SMALLEY Company Information
Table 113. SMALLEY Description and Major Businesses
Table 114. SMALLEY Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 115. SMALLEY Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 116. SMALLEY Recent Development
Table 117. Barnes Group Company Information
Table 118. Barnes Group Description and Major Businesses
Table 119. Barnes Group Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 120. Barnes Group Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 121. Barnes Group Recent Development
Table 122. Daemar Company Information
Table 123. Daemar Description and Major Businesses
Table 124. Daemar Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 125. Daemar Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 126. Daemar Recent Development
Table 127. MW Industries,Inc Company Information
Table 128. MW Industries,Inc Description and Major Businesses
Table 129. MW Industries,Inc Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 130. MW Industries,Inc Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 131. MW Industries,Inc Recent Development
Table 132. L.V. Locking Device Company Information
Table 133. L.V. Locking Device Description and Major Businesses
Table 134. L.V. Locking Device Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 135. L.V. Locking Device Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 136. L.V. Locking Device Recent Development
Table 137. FK Rod Ends Company Information
Table 138. FK Rod Ends Description and Major Businesses
Table 139. FK Rod Ends Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 140. FK Rod Ends Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 141. FK Rod Ends Recent Development
Table 142. Diversified Machine Company Information
Table 143. Diversified Machine Description and Major Businesses
Table 144. Diversified Machine Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 145. Diversified Machine Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 146. Diversified Machine Recent Development
Table 147. Mopar Company Information
Table 148. Mopar Description and Major Businesses
Table 149. Mopar Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 150. Mopar Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 151. Mopar Recent Development
Table 152. ACDelco Company Information
Table 153. ACDelco Description and Major Businesses
Table 154. ACDelco Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 155. ACDelco Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 156. ACDelco Recent Development
Table 157. General Motors Company Information
Table 158. General Motors Description and Major Businesses
Table 159. General Motors Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 160. General Motors Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 161. General Motors Recent Development
Table 162. M. D. Industries Company Information
Table 163. M. D. Industries Description and Major Businesses
Table 164. M. D. Industries Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 165. M. D. Industries Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 166. M. D. Industries Recent Development
Table 167. Rhoxwheels Company Information
Table 168. Rhoxwheels Description and Major Businesses
Table 169. Rhoxwheels Steering Snap Rings Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 170. Rhoxwheels Steering Snap Rings Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 171. Rhoxwheels Recent Development
Table 172. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 173. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 174. Steering Snap Rings Distributors List
Table 175. Steering Snap Rings Customers List
Table 176. Steering Snap Rings Market Trends
Table 177. Steering Snap Rings Market Drivers
Table 178. Steering Snap Rings Market Challenges
Table 179. Steering Snap Rings Market Restraints
Table 180. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 181. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 182. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Steering Snap Rings Product Picture
Figure 2. Global Steering Snap Rings Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Steering Snap Rings Market Share by Type in 2023 & 2030
Figure 4. Diameter ≥5/8 Inch Product Picture
Figure 5. Diameter <5/8 Inch Product Picture
Figure 6. Global Steering Snap Rings Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 7. Global Steering Snap Rings Market Share by Application in 2023 & 2030
Figure 8. Machine Building Industry
Figure 9. Automatic
Figure 10. Aerospace
Figure 11. Others
Figure 12. Steering Snap Rings Report Years Considered
Figure 13. Global Steering Snap Rings Capacity, Production and Utilization (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 14. Global Steering Snap Rings Production Market Share by Region in Percentage: 2023 Versus 2030
Figure 15. Global Steering Snap Rings Production Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 16. Steering Snap Rings Production Growth Rate in North America (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 17. Steering Snap Rings Production Growth Rate in Europe (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 18. Steering Snap Rings Production Growth Rate in China (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 19. Steering Snap Rings Production Growth Rate in Japan (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 20. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue, (US$ Million), 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Figure 21. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue 2019-2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 22. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 23. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Region in Percentage: 2023 Versus 2030
Figure 24. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 25. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales 2019-2030 ((K Units)
Figure 26. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Figure 27. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 28. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 29. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 30. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 31. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 32. China Steering Snap Rings Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 33. China Steering Snap Rings Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Asia (excluding China) Steering Snap Rings Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 35. Asia (excluding China) Steering Snap Rings Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 37. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 38. The Steering Snap Rings Market Share of Top 10 and Top 5 Largest Manufacturers Around the World in 2023
Figure 39. The Top 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers of Steering Snap Rings in the World: Market Share by Steering Snap Rings Revenue in 2023
Figure 40. Global Steering Snap Rings Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2019 VS 2023
Figure 41. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 42. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 43. Global Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 44. Global Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 45. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 46. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 47. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 48. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 49. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 50. US & Canada Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 51. U.S. Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 52. Canada Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 53. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 54. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 55. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 56. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 57. Europe Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 58. Europe Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 59. Germany Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 60. France Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 61. U.K. Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 62. Italy Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 63. Russia Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 64. China Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 65. China Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 66. China Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 67. China Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 68. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 69. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 70. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 71. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 72. Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 73. Asia Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 74. Japan Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 75. South Korea Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 76. China Taiwan Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 77. Southeast Asia Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 78. India Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 79. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 80. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 81. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 82. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 83. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 84. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Steering Snap Rings Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 85. Brazil Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 86. Mexico Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 87. Turkey Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 88. Israel Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 89. GCC Countries Steering Snap Rings Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 90. Steering Snap Rings Value Chain
Figure 91. Steering Snap Rings Production Process
Figure 92. Channels of Distribution
Figure 93. Distributors Profiles
Figure 94. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 95. Data Triangulation
Figure 96. Key Executives Interviewed