List of Tables
Table 1. Global Pop Corn Machine Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 2. Major Manufacturers of Electric Heating
Table 3. Major Manufacturers of Gas Heating
Table 4. Global Pop Corn Machine Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 5. Global Pop Corn Machine Production by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 6. Global Pop Corn Machine Production by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 7. Global Pop Corn Machine Production by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 8. Global Pop Corn Machine Production Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 9. Global Pop Corn Machine Production Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 10. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 11. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 12. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 13. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 14. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 15. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Grow Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 16. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 17. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 18. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 19. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 20. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 21. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 22. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Manufacturers (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 23. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 24. Pop Corn Machine Price by Manufacturers 2019-2024 (USD/Unit)
Table 25. Global Key Players of Pop Corn Machine, Industry Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
Table 26. Global Pop Corn Machine Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 27. Global Pop Corn Machine by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Pop Corn Machine as of 2023)
Table 28. Global Key Manufacturers of Pop Corn Machine, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table 29. Global Key Manufacturers of Pop Corn Machine, Product Offered and Application
Table 30. Global Key Manufacturers of Pop Corn Machine, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 31. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 32. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 33. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 34. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 35. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 36. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 38. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 39. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 40. Pop Corn Machine Price by Type (2019-2024) & (USD/Unit)
Table 41. Global Pop Corn Machine Price Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (USD/Unit)
Table 42. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 43. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 44. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 45. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 46. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 47. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 48. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 49. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 50. Pop Corn Machine Price by Application (2019-2024) & (USD/Unit)
Table 51. Global Pop Corn Machine Price Forecast by Application (2025-2030) & (USD/Unit)
Table 52. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 53. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 54. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 55. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 56. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 57. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 58. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 59. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 60. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 61. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 62. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 63. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 64. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 65. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 66. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 67. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 68. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 69. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 70. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 71. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 72. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 73. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 74. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 75. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 76. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 77. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 78. China Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 79. China Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 80. China Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 81. China Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 82. China Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 83. China Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 84. China Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 85. China Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 86. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 87. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 88. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 89. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 90. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 91. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 92. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 93. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 94. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 95. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 96. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 97. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 98. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 99. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 100. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 101. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 102. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 103. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 104. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales by Application (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 105. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 106. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 107. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue Grow Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 108. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 109. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 110. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 111. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 112. Gold Medal Products Company Information
Table 113. Gold Medal Products Description and Major Businesses
Table 114. Gold Medal Products Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 115. Gold Medal Products Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 116. Gold Medal Products Recent Development
Table 117. Cretors Company Information
Table 118. Cretors Description and Major Businesses
Table 119. Cretors Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 120. Cretors Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 121. Cretors Recent Development
Table 122. Nostalgia Company Information
Table 123. Nostalgia Description and Major Businesses
Table 124. Nostalgia Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 125. Nostalgia Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 126. Nostalgia Recent Development
Table 127. Great Northern Popcorn Company Information
Table 128. Great Northern Popcorn Description and Major Businesses
Table 129. Great Northern Popcorn Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 130. Great Northern Popcorn Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 131. Great Northern Popcorn Recent Development
Table 132. Presto Company Information
Table 133. Presto Description and Major Businesses
Table 134. Presto Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 135. Presto Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 136. Presto Recent Development
Table 137. Cuisinart (Conair) Company Information
Table 138. Cuisinart (Conair) Description and Major Businesses
Table 139. Cuisinart (Conair) Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 140. Cuisinart (Conair) Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 141. Cuisinart (Conair) Recent Development
Table 142. Whirley-Pop Company Information
Table 143. Whirley-Pop Description and Major Businesses
Table 144. Whirley-Pop Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 145. Whirley-Pop Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 146. Whirley-Pop Recent Development
Table 147. Paragon Company Information
Table 148. Paragon Description and Major Businesses
Table 149. Paragon Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 150. Paragon Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 151. Paragon Recent Development
Table 152. West Bend Company Information
Table 153. West Bend Description and Major Businesses
Table 154. West Bend Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 155. West Bend Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 156. West Bend Recent Development
Table 157. Benchmark USA Company Information
Table 158. Benchmark USA Description and Major Businesses
Table 159. Benchmark USA Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 160. Benchmark USA Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 161. Benchmark USA Recent Development
Table 162. Hamilton Beach Company Information
Table 163. Hamilton Beach Description and Major Businesses
Table 164. Hamilton Beach Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 165. Hamilton Beach Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 166. Hamilton Beach Recent Development
Table 167. Waring Pro Company Information
Table 168. Waring Pro Description and Major Businesses
Table 169. Waring Pro Pop Corn Machine Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 170. Waring Pro Pop Corn Machine Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
Table 171. Waring Pro Recent Development
Table 172. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 173. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 174. Pop Corn Machine Distributors List
Table 175. Pop Corn Machine Customers List
Table 176. Pop Corn Machine Market Trends
Table 177. Pop Corn Machine Market Drivers
Table 178. Pop Corn Machine Market Challenges
Table 179. Pop Corn Machine Market Restraints
Table 180. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 181. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 182. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Pop Corn Machine Product Picture
Figure 2. Global Pop Corn Machine Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Pop Corn Machine Market Share by Type in 2023 & 2030
Figure 4. Electric Heating Product Picture
Figure 5. Gas Heating Product Picture
Figure 6. Global Pop Corn Machine Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 7. Global Pop Corn Machine Market Share by Application in 2023 & 2030
Figure 8. Offline Sales
Figure 9. Online Sales
Figure 10. Pop Corn Machine Report Years Considered
Figure 11. Global Pop Corn Machine Capacity, Production and Utilization (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 12. Global Pop Corn Machine Production Market Share by Region in Percentage: 2023 Versus 2030
Figure 13. Global Pop Corn Machine Production Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 14. Pop Corn Machine Production Growth Rate in North America (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 15. Pop Corn Machine Production Growth Rate in Europe (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 16. Pop Corn Machine Production Growth Rate in China (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 17. Pop Corn Machine Production Growth Rate in Japan (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 18. Pop Corn Machine Production Growth Rate in India (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 19. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue, (US$ Million), 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Figure 20. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue 2019-2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 21. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 22. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Region in Percentage: 2023 Versus 2030
Figure 23. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 24. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales 2019-2030 ((K Units)
Figure 25. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales (CAGR) by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Figure 26. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 27. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 28. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 29. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 30. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 31. China Pop Corn Machine Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 32. China Pop Corn Machine Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 33. Asia (excluding China) Pop Corn Machine Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 34. Asia (excluding China) Pop Corn Machine Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 35. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales YoY (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 36. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue YoY (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 37. The Pop Corn Machine Market Share of Top 10 and Top 5 Largest Manufacturers Around the World in 2023
Figure 38. The Top 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers of Pop Corn Machine in the World: Market Share by Pop Corn Machine Revenue in 2023
Figure 39. Global Pop Corn Machine Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2019 VS 2023
Figure 40. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 41. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 42. Global Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 43. Global Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 44. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 45. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 46. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 47. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 48. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 49. US & Canada Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 50. U.S. Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 51. Canada Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 52. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 53. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 54. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 55. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 56. Europe Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 57. Europe Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 58. Germany Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 59. France Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 60. U.K. Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 61. Italy Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 62. Russia Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 63. China Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 64. China Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 65. China Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 66. China Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 67. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 68. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 69. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 70. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 71. Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 72. Asia Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 73. Japan Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 74. South Korea Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 75. China Taiwan Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 76. Southeast Asia Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 77. India Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 78. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 79. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 80. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 81. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 82. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Revenue Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 83. Middle East, Africa and Latin America Pop Corn Machine Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 84. Brazil Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 85. Mexico Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 86. Turkey Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 87. Israel Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 88. GCC Countries Pop Corn Machine Revenue (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 89. Pop Corn Machine Value Chain
Figure 90. Pop Corn Machine Production Process
Figure 91. Channels of Distribution
Figure 92. Distributors Profiles
Figure 93. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 94. Data Triangulation
Figure 95. Key Executives Interviewed