Wireless Power Transfer based on range divided into
Short Range
Mid range
High Range
Short Range:
In this, two types of technology generally used i.e. Magnetic Induction and Radio Frequency.
Magnetic Induction:
Magnetic Induction follows the standard of Wireless Power Transfer consortium aka WPC which has 650 plus members. Through this technology it is able to transfer power at a distance of 40 mm to 4 cm or 1.6 inches.
Power :
- Low-power specification delivers up to 5-15 watts (primarily used to charge Smartphone, With more than 3,500 Qi-Certified products on the market today), 3,000 Qi-Certified Smartphone chargers (transmitters) able to supply wireless power to those devices.
- Laptop and tablet computers typically charge at 30 to 60 watts . WPC members are working to increase the power profile for the Qi standard to safely accommodate these higher power levels and allow consumers to use the same technology to charge both their laptops and mobile phones.
- It is a simple, low cost, solution that delivers wireless power to products that operate in the 30 to 65 watt range and don?t require compatibility with the Qi standard for mobile phones charging, such as portable power tools, robotic vacuum cleaners, drones, e-bikes and others. The new Medium Power wireless power standard is currently in development. The draft specification is currently available to full and regular members.
- This forthcoming standard defines how to wirelessly deliver up to 2200 watts of power to smart cordless kitchen appliances ? from blenders, mixers and rice cookers to more versatile cook tops ? allowing enabled appliances to operate without the clutter of cords
Pros:
- Low cost as it does not need capacitors
- Takes less space in the device.
Cons :
- Lowers efficiency,
- Short Distance and poor orientation between the transmission and receiving coil exacerbates the problem of power transfer
Products:
- Phones,
- Watches ,
- Ear pods,
- Headphones
- Tablets
- Laptop
- Batteries
Magnetic Resonance and Radio Frequency
On the other side Magnetic Resonance and Radio Frequency follow Power Matters Alliance which is the merger of Air Fuel Alliance & Alliance for power matters (A4PM) and nearly 150 Plus companies are under its belt. It ranges up to 2 meters.
Power:
- 3.5 Watts - Feature Phone
- 6.5 Watts - Smartphone
- 13 Watts - Tablet
- 25 Watts - Small factor laptop
- 37.5 Watts - Regular Laptop
- Rezence (pronounced reh-zense) is an interface standard developed by the Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP) for wireless electrical power transfer based on the principles of magnetic resonance.
- The Rezence system consists of a single power transmitter unit (PTU) and one or more power receiver units (PRUs
- The interface standard supports power transfer up to 50 watts,[1] at distances up to 5 centimeters.[2] The power transmission frequency is 6.78 MHz, and up to eight devices can be powered from a single PTU depending on transmitter and receiver geometry and power levels
- All the above data is from Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rezence_(wireless_charging_standard)
Pros:
- Consistent power even if there are coil misalignments or bigger distances between coils.
- Ability to charge multiple devices at the same time ? across a wide surface area and at a height of up to 50 mm
- Resonant also lets you charge through materials ranging from wood to stone to concrete
- Lastly, it provides greater efficiency at higher power
- Cons:
- Need series of capacitors in both the power transmission and receiving sides.
- Increases cost
- Increases space
Products :
- Tablets
- Laptops
- Watches
- Smartphone
Major Companies:
- Qualcomm
- WITRICITY
- Samsung
- StarBucks
- Dell
- DuraCell
- Powermat
- Energous
- ON Semiconductor
- Powersphyr
Mid Range:
In this, technology generally used is Magnetic Resonance.
Magnetic Resonance:
- Magnetic resonance follow the standards of AirFuel Alliance & Open Dots which contains 12 vehicle models across five major automotive brands ? Ford, Chrysler, RAM,Dodge, and Scion. This type of technology able to transfer upto 2 meter.
Pros:
- Consistent power even if there are coil misalignment or bigger distances between coils.
- Ability to charge multiple devices at the same time ? across a wide surface area and at a height of up to 50 mm
- Resonant also lets you charge through materials ranging from wood to stone to concrete
- Lastly, it provides greater efficiency at higher power.
Cons:
- Need series of capacitors in both the power transmission and receiving sides.
- Increases cost
- Increases space
Products:
- EV/Automobile charging
- Industrial Robots Charging
Major Companies:
- Qualcomm
- WITRICITY
- Samsung
- StarBucks
- Dell
- DuraCell
- Powermat
- Energous
- ON Semiconductor
- Powersphyr
- Ford,
- Chrysler,
- RAM,
- Dodge,
- Scion
High Range:
- In this type the technology used is Microwave/ Laser & range used by Japan Space Systems (J Space Systems) in their testing is 50 Meters tested.
Power:
- Able to send 1.8kw at a distance of 50 meters , losses of 82%, receiver was able to harvest 340 Watts
Pros:
- Able to transfer energy at a distance of 50 meters
Cons:
- Losses are 82% when energy is transferred at a distance of 50 meters
- It is still in Experimentation and very costly
- Mega-watt microwaves beams can cause undesirable side effects to human or animal tissues if they diffract from their targeted receiver station
Products:
- No Commercial Products & only Government agencies are experimenting
Wireless Power Transfer - ( Introduction & History) Part 1
Wireless Power Transfer (Types of Wireless Power Transfer) - Part 2
Standards Of Wireless Power Transfer - Part-3
Wireless Power Transfer: Advantages and Disadvantages - Part 4
Wireless Power Transfer - ( Comparison )Part 5
