Global International Container Shipping Services Market Research Report 2025

International Container Shipping Services Market

Container shipping is a cargo ship that carries all of its load in truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called containerization. Container ships are a common means of commercial intermodal freight transport and now carry most seagoing non-bulk cargo.

The container shipping market is a critical component of global trade, facilitating the transportation of goods across international borders. This market is influenced by various factors, including economic conditions, trade policies, and advancements in shipping technology. The container shipping market is dominated by a few large carriers that control a significant portion of the global capacity. These companies operate vast fleets of container ships, ranging from small feeder vessels to large-scale container ships capable of carrying tens of thousands of TEUs (Twenty-Foot Equivalent Units). The surge in e-commerce has significantly increased demand for container shipping, as businesses seek to transport goods efficiently and quickly to meet consumer expectations. There is a growing emphasis on environmentally friendly shipping practices. Companies are investing in cleaner technologies, such as alternative fuels and energy-efficient vessels, to reduce their carbon footprint. The adoption of digital technologies, including blockchain for supply chain transparency and AI for optimizing shipping routes, is reshaping the industry. Automation in ports is also improving efficiency. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted vulnerabilities in global supply chains. As a result, companies are reevaluating their logistics strategies to enhance resilience, including diversifying suppliers and increasing inventory levels. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted vulnerabilities in global supply chains. As a result, companies are reevaluating their logistics strategies to enhance resilience, including diversifying suppliers and increasing inventory levels. The container shipping market is expected to grow steadily, driven by ongoing globalization and trade expansion. However, companies will need to navigate challenges related to sustainability, regulatory compliance, and evolving consumer expectations. Innovations in technology and logistics will play a crucial role in shaping the future of the industry. The container shipping market is at a transformative juncture, influenced by e-commerce growth, sustainability efforts, and technological advancements. Stakeholders must adapt to the changing landscape to leverage opportunities and mitigate challenges in this dynamic sector.

This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for International Container Shipping Services, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding International Container Shipping Services.

The International Container Shipping Services market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of and revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. This report segments the global International Container Shipping Services market comprehensively. Regional market sizes, concerning products by Type, by Application, and by players, are also provided.

For a more in-depth understanding of the market, the report provides profiles of the competitive landscape, key competitors, and their respective market ranks. The report also discusses technological trends and new product developments.

The report will help the International Container Shipping Services companies, new entrants, and industry chain related companies in this market with information on the revenues for the overall market and the sub-segments across the different segments, by company, by Type, by Application, and by regions.

Market Segmentation

Scope of International Container Shipping Services Market Report

Chapter Outline

1.1 Study Scope

1.2 Market Analysis by Type

1.2.1 Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

1.2.2 Above 30ft

1.2.3 Below 30ft

1.3 Market by Application

1.3.1 Global International Container Shipping Services Market Growth by Application: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

1.3.2 Food Transport

1.3.3 Industrial Product Transport

1.3.4 Consumer Goods Transport

1.3.5 Other

1.4 Assumptions and Limitations

1.5 Study Objectives

1.6 Years Considered

2.1 Global International Container Shipping Services Market Perspective (2020-2031)

2.2 Global International Container Shipping Services Growth Trends by Region

2.2.1 Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

2.2.2 International Container Shipping Services Historic Market Size by Region (2020-2025)

2.2.3 International Container Shipping Services Forecasted Market Size by Region (2026-2031)

2.3 International Container Shipping Services Market Dynamics

2.3.1 International Container Shipping Services Industry Trends

2.3.2 International Container Shipping Services Market Drivers

2.3.3 International Container Shipping Services Market Challenges

2.3.4 International Container Shipping Services Market Restraints

3.1 Global Top International Container Shipping Services Players by Revenue

3.1.1 Global Top International Container Shipping Services Players by Revenue (2020-2025)

3.1.2 Global International Container Shipping Services Revenue Market Share by Players (2020-2025)

3.2 Global International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)

3.3 Global Key Players Ranking by International Container Shipping Services Revenue

3.4 Global International Container Shipping Services Market Concentration Ratio

3.4.1 Global International Container Shipping Services Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)

3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by International Container Shipping Services Revenue in 2024

3.5 Global Key Players of International Container Shipping Services Head office and Area Served

3.6 Global Key Players of International Container Shipping Services, Product and Application

3.7 Global Key Players of International Container Shipping Services, Date of Enter into This Industry

3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

4.1 Global International Container Shipping Services Historic Market Size by Type (2020-2025)

4.2 Global International Container Shipping Services Forecasted Market Size by Type (2026-2031)

5.1 Global International Container Shipping Services Historic Market Size by Application (2020-2025)

5.2 Global International Container Shipping Services Forecasted Market Size by Application (2026-2031)

6.1 North America International Container Shipping Services Market Size (2020-2031)

6.2 North America International Container Shipping Services Market Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

6.3 North America International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2020-2025)

6.4 North America International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2026-2031)

6.5 United States

6.6 Canada

7.1 Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Size (2020-2031)

7.2 Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

7.3 Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2020-2025)

7.4 Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2026-2031)

7.5 Germany

7.6 France

7.7 U.K.

7.8 Italy

7.9 Russia

7.10 Nordic Countries

8.1 Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Size (2020-2031)

8.2 Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Growth Rate by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

8.3 Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Region (2020-2025)

8.4 Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Region (2026-2031)

8.5 China

8.6 Japan

8.7 South Korea

8.8 Southeast Asia

8.9 India

8.10 Australia

9.1 Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Size (2020-2031)

9.2 Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

9.3 Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2020-2025)

9.4 Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2026-2031)

9.5 Mexico

9.6 Brazil

10.1 Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Size (2020-2031)

10.2 Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Growth Rate by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

10.3 Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2020-2025)

10.4 Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2026-2031)

10.5 Turkey

10.6 Saudi Arabia

10.7 UAE

11.1 Maersk

11.1.1 Maersk Company Details

11.1.2 Maersk Business Overview

11.1.3 Maersk International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.1.4 Maersk Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.1.5 Maersk Recent Development

11.2 MSC

11.2.1 MSC Company Details

11.2.2 MSC Business Overview

11.2.3 MSC International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.2.4 MSC Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.2.5 MSC Recent Development

11.3 CMA-CGM

11.3.1 CMA-CGM Company Details

11.3.2 CMA-CGM Business Overview

11.3.3 CMA-CGM International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.3.4 CMA-CGM Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.3.5 CMA-CGM Recent Development

11.4 Hapag-Lloyd

11.4.1 Hapag-Lloyd Company Details

11.4.2 Hapag-Lloyd Business Overview

11.4.3 Hapag-Lloyd International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.4.4 Hapag-Lloyd Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.4.5 Hapag-Lloyd Recent Development

11.5 COSCO

11.5.1 COSCO Company Details

11.5.2 COSCO Business Overview

11.5.3 COSCO International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.5.4 COSCO Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.5.5 COSCO Recent Development

11.6 Ocean Network Express

11.6.1 Ocean Network Express Company Details

11.6.2 Ocean Network Express Business Overview

11.6.3 Ocean Network Express International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.6.4 Ocean Network Express Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.6.5 Ocean Network Express Recent Development

11.7 Evergreen Line

11.7.1 Evergreen Line Company Details

11.7.2 Evergreen Line Business Overview

11.7.3 Evergreen Line International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.7.4 Evergreen Line Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.7.5 Evergreen Line Recent Development

11.8 Hyundai Merchant Marine

11.8.1 Hyundai Merchant Marine Company Details

11.8.2 Hyundai Merchant Marine Business Overview

11.8.3 Hyundai Merchant Marine International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.8.4 Hyundai Merchant Marine Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.8.5 Hyundai Merchant Marine Recent Development

11.9 Yang Ming Marine Transport

11.9.1 Yang Ming Marine Transport Company Details

11.9.2 Yang Ming Marine Transport Business Overview

11.9.3 Yang Ming Marine Transport International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.9.4 Yang Ming Marine Transport Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.9.5 Yang Ming Marine Transport Recent Development

11.10 Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd

11.10.1 Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Company Details

11.10.2 Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Business Overview

11.10.3 Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd International Container Shipping Services Introduction

11.10.4 Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

11.10.5 Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Recent Development

13.1 Research Methodology

13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach

13.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design

13.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation

13.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation

13.1.2 Data Source

13.1.2.1 Secondary Sources

13.1.2.2 Primary Sources

13.2 Author Details

13.3 Disclaimer

List of Tables

 Table 1. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size Growth Rate by Type (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Table 2. Key Players of Above 30ft

 Table 3. Key Players of Below 30ft

 Table 4. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size Growth by Application (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Table 5. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Table 6. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Region (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 7. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Region (2020-2025)

 Table 8. Global International Container Shipping Services Forecasted Market Size by Region (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Table 9. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Region (2026-2031)

 Table 10. International Container Shipping Services Market Trends

 Table 11. International Container Shipping Services Market Drivers

 Table 12. International Container Shipping Services Market Challenges

 Table 13. International Container Shipping Services Market Restraints

 Table 14. Global International Container Shipping Services Revenue by Players (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 15. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Players (2020-2025)

 Table 16. Global Top International Container Shipping Services Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in International Container Shipping Services as of 2024)

 Table 17. Ranking of Global Top International Container Shipping Services Companies by Revenue (US$ Million) in 2024

 Table 18. Global 5 Largest Players Market Share by International Container Shipping Services Revenue (CR5 and HHI) & (2020-2025)

 Table 19. Global Key Players of International Container Shipping Services, Headquarters and Area Served

 Table 20. Global Key Players of International Container Shipping Services, Product and Application

 Table 21. Global Key Players of International Container Shipping Services, Date of Enter into This Industry

 Table 22. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

 Table 23. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Type (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 24. Global International Container Shipping Services Revenue Market Share by Type (2020-2025)

 Table 25. Global International Container Shipping Services Forecasted Market Size by Type (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Table 26. Global International Container Shipping Services Revenue Market Share by Type (2026-2031)

 Table 27. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Application (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 28. Global International Container Shipping Services Revenue Market Share by Application (2020-2025)

 Table 29. Global International Container Shipping Services Forecasted Market Size by Application (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Table 30. Global International Container Shipping Services Revenue Market Share by Application (2026-2031)

 Table 31. North America International Container Shipping Services Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Table 32. North America International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 33. North America International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Table 34. Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Table 35. Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 36. Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Table 37. Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Size Growth Rate by Region (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Table 38. Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Region (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 39. Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Region (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Table 40. Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Table 41. Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 42. Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Table 43. Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Table 44. Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 45. Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Country (2026-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Table 46. Maersk Company Details

 Table 47. Maersk Business Overview

 Table 48. Maersk International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 49. Maersk Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 50. Maersk Recent Development

 Table 51. MSC Company Details

 Table 52. MSC Business Overview

 Table 53. MSC International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 54. MSC Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 55. MSC Recent Development

 Table 56. CMA-CGM Company Details

 Table 57. CMA-CGM Business Overview

 Table 58. CMA-CGM International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 59. CMA-CGM Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 60. CMA-CGM Recent Development

 Table 61. Hapag-Lloyd Company Details

 Table 62. Hapag-Lloyd Business Overview

 Table 63. Hapag-Lloyd International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 64. Hapag-Lloyd Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 65. Hapag-Lloyd Recent Development

 Table 66. COSCO Company Details

 Table 67. COSCO Business Overview

 Table 68. COSCO International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 69. COSCO Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 70. COSCO Recent Development

 Table 71. Ocean Network Express Company Details

 Table 72. Ocean Network Express Business Overview

 Table 73. Ocean Network Express International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 74. Ocean Network Express Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 75. Ocean Network Express Recent Development

 Table 76. Evergreen Line Company Details

 Table 77. Evergreen Line Business Overview

 Table 78. Evergreen Line International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 79. Evergreen Line Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 80. Evergreen Line Recent Development

 Table 81. Hyundai Merchant Marine Company Details

 Table 82. Hyundai Merchant Marine Business Overview

 Table 83. Hyundai Merchant Marine International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 84. Hyundai Merchant Marine Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 85. Hyundai Merchant Marine Recent Development

 Table 86. Yang Ming Marine Transport Company Details

 Table 87. Yang Ming Marine Transport Business Overview

 Table 88. Yang Ming Marine Transport International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 89. Yang Ming Marine Transport Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 90. Yang Ming Marine Transport Recent Development

 Table 91. Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Company Details

 Table 92. Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Business Overview

 Table 93. Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd International Container Shipping Services Product

 Table 94. Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Revenue in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)

 Table 95. Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Recent Development

 Table 96. Research Programs/Design for This Report

 Table 97. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources

 Table 98. Key Data Information from Primary Sources

 Table 99. Authors List of This Report

List of Figures

 Figure 1. International Container Shipping Services Picture

 Figure 2. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size Comparison by Type (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 3. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Type: 2024 VS 2031

 Figure 4. Above 30ft Features

 Figure 5. Below 30ft Features

 Figure 6. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size by Application (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 7. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Application: 2024 VS 2031

 Figure 8. Food Transport Case Studies

 Figure 9. Industrial Product Transport Case Studies

 Figure 10. Consumer Goods Transport Case Studies

 Figure 11. Other Case Studies

 Figure 12. International Container Shipping Services Report Years Considered

 Figure 13. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size (US$ Million), Year-over-Year: 2020-2031

 Figure 14. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Size, (US$ Million), 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031

 Figure 15. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Region: 2024 VS 2031

 Figure 16. Global International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Players in 2024

 Figure 17. Global Top International Container Shipping Services Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in International Container Shipping Services as of 2024)

 Figure 18. The Top 10 and 5 Players Market Share by International Container Shipping Services Revenue in 2024

 Figure 19. North America International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 20. North America International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Country (2020-2031)

 Figure 21. United States International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 22. Canada International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 23. Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 24. Europe International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Country (2020-2031)

 Figure 25. Germany International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 26. France International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 27. U.K. International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 28. Italy International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 29. Russia International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 30. Nordic Countries International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 31. Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 32. Asia-Pacific International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Region (2020-2031)

 Figure 33. China International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 34. Japan International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 35. South Korea International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 36. Southeast Asia International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 37. India International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 38. Australia International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 39. Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 40. Latin America International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Country (2020-2031)

 Figure 41. Mexico International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 42. Brazil International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 43. Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 44. Middle East & Africa International Container Shipping Services Market Share by Country (2020-2031)

 Figure 45. Turkey International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 46. Saudi Arabia International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 47. UAE International Container Shipping Services Market Size YoY Growth (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)

 Figure 48. Maersk Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 49. MSC Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 50. CMA-CGM Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 51. Hapag-Lloyd Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 52. COSCO Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 53. Ocean Network Express Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 54. Evergreen Line Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 55. Hyundai Merchant Marine Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 56. Yang Ming Marine Transport Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 57. Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd Revenue Growth Rate in International Container Shipping Services Business (2020-2025)

 Figure 58. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report

 Figure 59. Data Triangulation

 Figure 60. Key Executives Interviewed